tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-65671843311875054342023-11-15T23:10:55.918+09:00jammingwatchjammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.comBlogger160125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-81848612951240752252017-09-26T22:15:00.003+09:002017-09-26T22:15:28.301+09:00<div itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/NewsArticle">
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BBC launches Korean language service covering North Korea</div>
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DPRK government may already be blocking some of the short-range frequencies, however</div>
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<strong> Leo Byrne </strong>
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September 25th, 2017</div>
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The
British Broadcasting Service (BBC) began its Korean language programming
on Monday, an announcement from the UK’s national broadcaster reads,
and will transmit news and radio to the entire Korean peninsula.<br />
Its Korean language programming forms part of 11 new foreign language
services that the BBC called the biggest expansion of its World Service
since the 1940’s, with £289 million (USD$389,514,200) invested in the
project.<br />
“BBC Korea will be reporting a fair and impartial news based on the
tradition the BBC World Service has established,” Francesca Unsworth,
BBC World Service director said in the article announcing the new
programming.<br />
The new Korean language service will broadcast 30-minute long
programs for a period of three hours on shortwave frequencies and one
hour on medium wave frequencies per day.<br />
According to the article accompanying the launch, the shortwave
service will begin at 15:30 (GMT) while the medium wave broadcast will
start at 16.30 (GMT). The programming will cover current events, the
economy, sports, and culture.<br />
While the BBC article did not explicitly mention the DPRK, it also
gave broadcasting times in North Korea’s Pyongyang time, which is 30
minutes behind Seoul.<br />
The North Korean government strictly controls information flows into
the country, and already blocks some frequencies used by other radio
broadcasters like Voice of America, Radio Free Asia, and Free North
Korea radio, among others.<br />
It’s not clear how easily the frequencies that BBC will broadcast on
can be picked up in the DPRK, however, said one expert familiar with
radio in the North.<br />
“Both 5810 and 9940 shortwave frequencies are jammed right now,” Martyn Williams, author of the North Korea Tech website told <em>NK News, </em>who
also posted an example of the jamming on YouTube. “1341 mediumwave was
also on air although I could not determine if there was jamming.”<br />
<br />
“The jamming is strong, so it obliterates the signal even in Seoul,”
Williams added, saying that he was able to tune into a remote South
Korea-based receiver to test reception from San Francisco.<br />
Former Ambassador Robert King, the U.S. Special Envoy for North
Korean Human Rights, said in 2015 that an estimated 30 percent of North
Koreans are tuning into foreign radio broadcasts, adding they are
considered much more effective than more high-profile attempts to breach
the information blockade, such as sending balloons across the border.<br />
North Koreans can tune into foreign broadcasts via radio sets
purchased on the black market or government issued radios that have been
tampered with to pick up non-government frequencies, while some North
Koreans have also built their own radios to pick up external
information.<br />
<em>Edited by Oliver Hotham</em><br />
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Featured Image: <small> by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/153583264@N02/34147169885">nknews_hq</a> on 2015-09-09 15:14:11</small></div>
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jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-2860705092302511202017-07-31T21:56:00.000+09:002017-07-31T21:56:30.206+09:00Iranians Concerned About Health Effects of Broadcast Jamming Equipment <div class="col-title col-xs-12 col-md-10 pull-right">
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<br />
A protest in Iran has raised concerns about broadcast <strong>jamming</strong> equipment and its effect on human health.<br />
The protest took place on January 9 in the southern city of Shiraz.
Demonstrators gathered outside the offices of the governor of Fars
province.<br />
One demonstrator sent a video of the protest to Radio Free
Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL). The station reports to the Broadcasting
Board of Governors, which also supervises Voice of America.<br />
RFE/RL says the protesters blamed the government’s jamming operations for health problems among local <strong>residents</strong>. People accused the equipment of causing problems such as a sharp pain in the head and even cancer.<br />
Iran’s government has long interfered with Persian language
broadcasts by Western media to try to stop Iranians from watching or
listening to them.<br />
Some jamming equipment uses electromagnetic waves that critics say are responsible for the health problems.<br />
Former Iranian lawmaker Ali Akbar Mousavi investigated the issue of
jamming. Mousavi now lives in the United States. He told VOA the Shiraz
protesters were concerned about a comment reportedly made by Iran’s
deputy health minister, Reza Malekzadeh. The official spoke about a link
between jamming equipment and public health.<br />
Malekzadeh reportedly said “<strong>preliminary</strong> studies”
found that electromagnetic jamming signals can increase the risk of
cancer. Iran’s state-operated news agency, IRNA, reported the comment in
a story published in December of 2016. It said he was speaking during a
visit to a cancer research event in Shiraz. He provided no further
details on the studies that he noted.<br />
Iran’s Financial Tribune newspaper noted that Health Minister Hassan
Ghazizadeh Hashemi later questioned the importance of his deputy’s
comments. Hashemi reportedly said his ministry still lacked “strong
scientific evidence to prove that jamming can enhance the risk of cancer
or <strong>exacerbate</strong> health problems.”<br />
The United Nations’ World Health Organization (WHO) says scientific research does not confirm any health effects from <strong>exposure</strong> to low-level electromagnetic fields. It also said, “Some <strong>gaps</strong> in knowledge about biological effects exist, and need further research.”<br />
Ali Akbar Mousavi served as vice-chair of the Iranian parliament’s
information and communications technology committee. In an email to VOA,
he said he had seen “many” reports of Iranian lawmakers and civil
society members speaking out in recent years against the government’s
jamming activities.<br />
“My <strong>colleagues</strong> and I raised the same concerns (about
jamming) as members of the 6th Iranian parliament and succeeded in
stopping it through public pressure,” he said. “Unfortunately, the
government started jamming again when (former President) Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad came to power (in 2005).”<br />
Jamming is barred under rules of the International Telecommunications Union, of which Iran is a member.<br />
Mousavi said he expects criticism of jamming to continue until the Iranian government stops what he called an “illegal” <strong>practice</strong>.<br />
I’m Kaveh Razaei.<br />
<br />
<em>Michael Lipin reported on this story for VOANews.com. Afshar
Sigarchi provided additional information George Grow adapted their
report for Learning English. Mario Ritter was the editor.</em><br />
_____________________________________jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-75939629206913175802017-07-31T21:54:00.000+09:002017-07-31T21:54:13.115+09:00Iranians Protest Against Broadcast Jamming, Point to Health Concerns <div class="col-title col-xs-12 col-md-10 pull-right">
<h1 class="pg-title">
Iranians Protest Against Broadcast Jamming, Point to Health Concerns </h1>
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January 24, 2017 10:55 PM
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<img alt="FILE - President Hassan Rouhani (center) listens to head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organization Ali Akbar Salehi (left) while attending a ceremony marking the national day of nuclear technology in Tehran, Iran, Thursday, April 7, 2016. Iran's Health Minister Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi is at right." class=" enhanced" itemprop="url" src="https://gdb.voanews.com/6CF1BB21-DB18-4D7D-A2C3-E1191B68C9AC_cx0_cy10_cw0_w1023_r1_s.jpg" />
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<span class="caption" itemprop="caption">FILE - President Hassan Rouhani
(center) listens to head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organization Ali Akbar
Salehi (left) while attending a ceremony marking the national day of
nuclear technology in Tehran, Iran, Thursday, April 7, 2016. Iran's
Health Minister Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi is at right.</span>
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<br /><div class="wsw">
<span class="dateline">WASHINGTON — </span>
A rare protest by Iranians against their government’s use of
broadcast jamming equipment is bringing global attention to growing
concerns about the health impact of the practice.<br />
Dozens of residents of the southern Iranian city of Shiraz joined the
protest January 9, rallying outside the headquarters of the governor of
Fars province, of which Shiraz is the capital. Participants sent a
video of the protest to Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, a U.S.
government-funded network supervised by the Broadcasting Board of
Governors, which also oversees VOA.<br />
<div class="mediaReplacer externalMedia">
</div>
<a class="underline" href="http://www.rferl.org/a/iran-jamming-public-fears-shiraz/28226308.html" target="_blank">RFE/RL reported that the protesters blamed the government’s</a>
local jamming operations for a series of health problems suffered by
residents, from headaches to cancer. Some chanted, “Jamming is betrayal
of the people,” while others said good health is an “inalienable right.”<br />
Iran’s Islamist government has long jammed Persian-language
broadcasts by Western news organizations such as VOA, RFE/RL and the BBC
to try to stop its people from watching them. Some jamming equipment
uses electromagnetic waves that critics say are the cause of the health
problems.<br />
Former Iranian lawmaker Ali-Akbar Mousavi, who investigated jamming
while serving from 2000 to 2003, and who now lives in the United States,
told VOA one factor that raised the alarm of the Shiraz protesters was
Iran’s deputy health minister Reza Malekzadeh making remarks about a
link between jamming and public health.<br />
In an article published December 22, 2016, Iran’s state-run news agency <a class="underline" href="http://www.irna.ir/fa/News/82356468/" target="_blank">IRNA quoted Malekzadeh</a>
as saying “preliminary studies” indicated that electromagnetic jamming
signals can increase the risk of cancer. He gave no further detail on
the studies that he cited. IRNA said Malekzadeh was speaking on the
sidelines of a cancer research event in Shiraz.<br />
Iran’s <em>Financial Tribune</em> newspaper says Iranian Health Minister Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi later downplayed his deputy’s remarks. <a class="underline" href="https://financialtribune.com/articles/people/57885/can-satellite-signal-jamming-cause-health-hazards" target="_blank">It quoted Hashemi as saying his ministry still lacked “strong scientific evidence </a>to prove that jamming can enhance the risk of cancer or exacerbate health problems.”<br />
The <a class="underline" href="http://www.who.int/peh-emf/about/WhatisEMF/en/index1.html" target="_blank">World Health Organization</a>
says scientific literature “does not confirm the existence of any
health consequences from exposure to low-level electromagnetic fields.”
The U.N. body also said “some gaps in knowledge about biological effects
exist, and need further research.”<br />
Iranian social media users shared their thoughts about the jamming controversy with the VOA Persian Service’s <em>New Horizon</em> program Tuesday.<br />
Some who <a class="underline" href="https://www.facebook.com/voatalk/" target="_blank">commented on the program’s Facebook</a>
and Instagram pages complained of headaches and other health issues
that they blamed on government jamming in Shiraz. One noted that jamming
of foreign programs had decreased in recent days and his health had
improved, while another said jamming appeared to have increased in part
of the city.<br />
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<br />
In an email to VOA, Mousavi, who served as vice chair of the Iranian
parliament’s information and communications technology (ICT) committee,
said he had seen many reports of Iranian lawmakers and civil society
members speaking out in recent years against the government’s jamming
activities.<br />
“My colleagues and I raised the same concerns [about jamming] as
members of the sixth Iranian parliament and succeeded in stopping it
through public pressure,” he said. “Unfortunately, the government
started jamming again when [former President] Mahmoud Ahmadinejad came
to power [in 2005].”<br />
Jamming, the practice of deliberate interference with broadcast signals, is prohibited under rules of the <a class="underline" href="https://www.itu.int/online/mm/scripts/gensel9?_ctryid=1000100563&_ctryname=Iran%20%28Islamic%20Republic%20of" target="_blank">International Telecommunications Union, of which Iran is a member</a>.<br />
Iranian President Hassan Rouhani issued a <a class="underline" href="http://president.ir/en/96865" target="_blank">Citizens’ Rights Charter</a>
last month, stating that: “Citizens have the right to freely and
without discrimination enjoy access to and communicate and obtain
information and knowledge from cyberspace.”<br />
The document says the “imposition of any type of restriction (such as
filtering, interference, speed reduction and network interruption)
without explicit legal authority is prohibited.” It is not clear if the
prohibition applies to jamming of foreign broadcasts.<br />
Mousavi said he expects domestic criticism of jamming to continue
until the Iranian government stops what he called an illegal practice.<br />
<em>VOA’s <a class="underline" href="http://ir.voanews.com/" target="_blank">Persian service</a> contributed to this report.</em><br />
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-38240027914584210362015-03-05T15:18:00.001+09:002015-03-05T15:18:04.179+09:00U.S.-Cuba Thaw Could Muffle Air Wars<!--[if !mso]>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">U.S.-Cuba Thaw Could Muffle Air Wars </span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">by Randy J. Stine</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">on 03.03.2015</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"> </span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"><img alt="http://www.radioworld.com/images/storyToolboxLabel.jpg" height="12" src="file:///C:\Users\torii\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.jpg" width="155" /></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><a href="http://www.radioworld.com/printarticle.aspx?articleid=274803"><span style="color: blue; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img alt="http://www.radioworld.com/images/icon_print.gif" border="0" height="23" src="file:///C:\Users\torii\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.jpg" width="23" /></span></span><span style="color: blue;">print</span></a> <a href="http://www.radioworld.com/rss" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img alt="http://www.radioworld.com/images/icon_rss.gif" border="0" height="23" src="file:///C:\Users\torii\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image005.jpg" width="23" /></span></span><span style="color: blue;">rss</span></a> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Intentional Cuban-spawned interference to U.S. AM radio
stations, mostly in southern Florida, has become less of a problem in recent
years. Newly improved relations between the United States and the communist-run
island nation may eliminate the problem forever, according to several
observers.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<img align="right" alt="http://www.radioworld.com/Portals/0/New-Marti-Logo-Color-sml.jpg" height="193" hspace="5" src="file:///C:\Users\torii\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image006.jpg" vspace="5" width="300" /><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Former Cuban leader Fidel Castro’s efforts to
block U.S. broadcasts from reaching his country, sometimes referred to as
“radio wars,” are well documented. High-powered Cuban radio transmissions
occasionally have interfered with U.S. AM radio broadcasts since the mid-1980s.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Most AM experts contacted for this article believe the
electronic warfare was in response to the U.S. government’s launch of Radio
Martí in 1984.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Broadcasting Board of Governors is an independent
federal agency responsible for U.S. government-sponsored civilian international
broadcasting. Its Office of Cuba Broadcasting oversees Radio Martí, whose
mission is to promote freedom and democracy by providing the people of Cuba
with objective news and information programming.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Cuba, which sits just over 90 miles south of Key West,
Fla., continues to jam Radio Martí’s short- and medium-wave broadcasts into
that country regularly.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Cuba is not a signatory to the International
Telecommunication Union’s Region II Agreement governing Western Hemisphere
radio allocations, and the country doesn’t conform to the restraints of the
agreement, according to sources. At one time Cuba employed a network of
high-power AM transmitters that created noise to intentionally jam the
broadcast signals of AM stations as far away as Utah, Minnesota, Iowa and Ohio,
observers said.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Florida Association of Broadcasters
President/CEO C. Patrick Roberts said the number of reported instances of
interference has declined in the past decade.</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></div>
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<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“Purely anecdotal evidence … seems to show the
interference from Cuba as being less of a problem now,” said one person
familiar with the situation. </span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Florida Association of Broadcasters President/CEO C.
Patrick Roberts said the number of reported instances of interference is down
the past decade, though some of the improvement may be attributable to power
increases at a dozen or more AM stations in Florida.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“We really haven’t had any recent complaints [about
interference]. It used to be an ongoing problem, but less so in recent years. I
would say it has been less of an issue the past 10 years,” said Roberts. He
predicts such interference will drop off further thanks to political change.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">SPECIAL TEMPORARY AUTHORITY</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">A number of AM stations in Miami and across Florida have
for years operated at increased power levels under special temporary authority
from the FCC in order to combat the effects of jamming, according to Roberts.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">For example, iHeartMedia station WINZ(AM), Miami, at 940
kHz is licensed for 50 kW daytime and 10 kW at night but has operated at 25
kilowatts at night under STA to overcome skywave interference from Cuban
station CMKD, according to FCC records.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The STA dates to 1981; the commission has been regularly
granting the extensions at six-month intervals. WINZ most recently received an
extension in September 2014; it expires March 5, 2015, according to FCC data.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“This authority is subject to termination upon reduction
of power or cessation of operation by the Cuban operation or upon commission
instruction to WINZ, at which time WINZ must return to licensed operating
parameters,” the commission states in the documents.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The FCC said the exact number of AM stations employing
STA-granted higher-power to help overcome Cuban interference is unavailable.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Similar arrangements are in place at Miami area AMs like
WAXY (Lincoln Financial Media), WQAM (CBS Radio), WHIM (Caron Broadcasting, a
subsidiary of Salem Communications), WIOD (iHeartMedia), WQBA (WQBA[AM] License
Corp.) and WSUA (WSUA Broadcasting Corp.), according to observers.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">AMs operating with STAs could face challenges renewing
their authorizations if those are no longer justified, according to those
familiar with the practice.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Roberts believes AMs that have STAs now will keep those.
“Many have been at these higher power levels for a long time. I don’t expect a
policy change at the FCC regardless of improving relations between the two
countries.”</span></div>
<table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-left: left; mso-table-lspace: 2.25pt; mso-table-rspace: 2.25pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 450px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt;">
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 2.25pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"><img alt="http://www.radioworld.com/Portals/0/rw-Cuba%20Radio%20Marti.jpg" border="0" height="300" src="file:///C:\Users\torii\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.jpg" width="450" /></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt;">
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 2.25pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Cuban
rapper Naykon (center) joins Radio Martí’s Juan Juan Almeida (left) and
Lizandra Diaz Blanco (right) on “1800 Online,” featuring irreverent
interviews with bloggers, artists, entrepreneurs, technology aficionados,
sports and entertainment celebrities, bridging Cubans living both on and off
the island.</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">DIRECTIONAL ARRAYS</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">AM broadcasters affected by the consistent jamming in the
1980s through the early 2000s have spent a lot of money on their facilities to
boost power levels and build directional arrays, according to one AM radio
expert.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Several broadcast engineering consultants familiar with
south Florida AMs declined to comment for Radio World because of the sensitive
nature of client work.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The major U.S. policy shift toward the communist-run
island announced late last year by President Barack Obama could eventually
increase the flow of free media into Cuba, experts believe.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">However, the long-term impact of the most recent
developments on Radio Martí broadcasts to Cuba is not clear, those familiar
with the government service said. The Office of Cuban Broadcasting has a 2015
budget request of about $27.1 million;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">OCB employs approximately 117 employees, plus
contractors.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">OCB Director Carlos Garcia-Perez said the shift in U.S.
policy concerning Cuba does not change the mission of Radio Martí, which is to
deliver news and information to people in Cuba so its citizens can make
educated decisions regarding their future. Radio Martí “is more relevant than
ever before. Our work is more important than ever,” said Garcia-Perez.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">He compares the work of Radio Martí to other
government-supported programming, such as Radio Free Europe, “that is still delivered
to what are now allied nations. They’ve continued to broadcast in those cases,”
Garcia-Perez said.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Cuba is successful in jamming some of Radio Martí’s
24-hour shortwave and medium-wave transmissions into the country, but not all,
according to Garcia-Perez.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The government radio service also relies on the use of
social media, mobile devices and its website to bypass the broadcast jamming
and get content into Cuba, Garcia-Perez said.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“Our numbers of website hits have been way up since the
announcement by President Obama. Our website provides circumvention tools to
help our audience in Cuba eliminate censorship,” Garcia-Perez said.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">OCB also uses SMS text messaging to communicate directly
with almost a million Cubans cell phone users, according to its website.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Not everyone is supportive of Martí, which faces
increased political scrutiny.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">In January, Minnesota Democrat Rep. Betty McCollum
reintroduced a measure to end U.S. taxpayer funding of Radio and TV Martí. Over
the 30 years the U.S. has funded these efforts, they have cost taxpayers $770
million, and in 2015 Cuba broadcast will cost American taxpayers $27 million,
according to McCollum, who characterized Radio and TV Martí as “outdated Cold
War artifacts” and “propaganda broadcasting” in the measure.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">McCollum submitted the same bill in 2011, but the measure
failed to garner enough support to pass Congress.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">New BBG CEO Andrew Lack, sworn in this January, has not
commented publicly about how the latest developments may impact Radio and TV
Martí.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Committee for U.S. International Broadcasting — which
describes itself as a nonpartisan, nongovernmental organization working to
strengthen flow of uncensored news to countries with restricted and developing
media environments — remains supportive of Radio and TV Martí.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“This is not the time to curtail nor eliminate funding to
OCB,” said Ann Noonan, CUSIB co-founder. “OCB funding is not a waste of money.”</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">CUSIB has warned that it’s unlikely changes in the
relationship between the U.S. and Cuba will result quickly in a free press in
Cuba.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">With Raul Castro in January “calling for the end of Radio
and TV Martí broadcast into Cuba in order to normalize relations, it is
unlikely Cuba will embrace the idea of a free press,” Noonan said.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">CUSIB co-founder Ted Lipien noted in the online Digital
Journal in January that Radio and TV Martí reporters were still not being
allowed travel to Cuba and report from there.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Castro regime “is likely to fight tooth and nail to
prevent media freedom,” wrote A. Ross Johnson, a former director of Radio Free
Europe, and S. Enders Wimbush, a former member of BBG, in an op-ed piece in the
Washington Post in January.</span></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Pゴシック"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">- See more at:
http://www.radioworld.com/article/us-cuba-thaw-could-muffle-air-wars/274803#sthash.2e01jYPC.dpuf</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-63989582216040296932014-09-30T22:33:00.002+09:002014-09-30T22:33:30.555+09:00Interference leaves broadcasters in a jam<div class="article">
<h2 class="article-headline">
Interference leaves broadcasters in a jam</h2>
<div id="underheading">
<div id="dateline">
BBC Monitoring 29 Aug 2014 </div>
</div>
<img alt="Commuters watch TV in Shanghai" class="article-illustration" src="http://ichef.live.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/624x351/p025p570.jpg" /> <div class="articlebody">
<div class="body-text">
<strong>By Duncan Stanworth</strong><br />
<strong>Jamming,
the term for deliberate interference to radio and TV broadcasts, is a
pressing problem for world broadcasters and satellite companies.</strong><br />
It can be particularly acute when political tensions are running high.<br />
Satellite
TV jamming has been traced to several countries; including Iran.
Shortwave radio jamming, which was a feature of Cold War broadcasting,
is still practised - notably by China (pictured above).<br />
<h4>
How satellite jamming works</h4>
There are two main ways to obstruct a satellite signal.<br />
</div>
<div class="article-illustration">
<img alt="Satellite aerials on a roof-top in Iran" src="http://ichef.live.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/528xn/p025p5b5.jpg" /> <div class="caption">
Iranian authorities restrict what domestic audiences can see</div>
</div>
<div class="body-text">
Uplink
jamming works by transmitting a powerful, interfering signal on the
frequency which is used to send a broadcast to the satellite.<br />
It can affect viewers across a huge area and cause unintended interference to other broadcasters.<br />
Downlink
jamming is localized. It relies on transmitters on the ground, which
block the signals beaming down from the satellite to viewers' dishes. <br />
<h4>
Jamming in Iran</h4>
Recent
reports from Iran say the authorities are stepping up their efforts to
stop people watching foreign satellite TV stations by intensifying
downlink jamming.<br />
Websites which track the interference speculate
about where it comes from. Some say flag poles, which have sprouted in
Tehran and other cities, may be involved.<br />
</div>
<div class="body-text">
Other theories include the use of specially-equipped vehicles and "suspicious" aerials on the rooftops of state-owned buildings.<br />
Some
Iranian papers say the strong jamming signals are causing health
problems. But the reports of miscarriages and cancers tend to cite
anecdotal evidence.<br />
Western broadcasters - including the BBC,
Voice of America and Deutsche Welle - have also complained about uplink
jamming of their TV programmes in Persian.<br />
Eutelsat, a major satellite firm based in Paris, said in 2013 that "deliberate jamming operations" could be traced to Iran.<br />
But
in February 2014, the US waived sanctions on Iran's state broadcaster
IRIB after it determined that "harmful satellite interference" was not
currently coming from Iran.<br />
<h4>
Arab turmoil</h4>
Turmoil in the Arab world has also spurred the satellite jammers.<br />
In 2012, Arabsat and Eutelsat said uplink interference to Al-Jazeera TV could be traced to Iran and Syria.<br />
At
the same time, American and European broadcasters said interference
from Syria was disrupting satellite broadcasts "in an arc from Russia
through Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East".<br />
In 2011, Mu'ammar al-Qadhafi's Libya was reported to be a source of jamming, but was itself a target. <br />
<h4>
China</h4>
Other
offenders include China, which has for years jammed Chinese and
Tibetan-language radio programmes from the West, including those of the
BBC, Voice of America and US government-backed Radio Free Asia (RFA).<br />
</div>
<div class="article-illustration">
<img alt="Man watches TV in China" src="http://ichef.live.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/528xn/p025p54c.jpg" /> <div class="caption">
China has for long been jamming broadcasts from the West</div>
</div>
<div class="body-text">
North Korea jams shortwave broadcasts from RFA and South Korean stations. It is reported to be using Chinese-made equipment.<br />
In
Africa, Ethiopia has long been jamming opposition and international
broadcasts, while Zimbabwe is said to have used Chinese equipment to
interfere with broadcasts from foreign and exile radio stations. <br />
<h4>
Tackling the jammers</h4>
Jamming
is against the rules laid down by the International Telecommunication
Union (ITU), a UN body. But there are few ways to stop it.<br />
Satellite
broadcasters may change or add frequencies, but this relies on viewers
being tech-savvy enough to retune their receivers or move their dishes.<br />
But the future may hold high-tech solutions.<br />
Eutelsat's
8 West B satellite, which is due for launch in 2015 and will serve the
Middle East, boasts new technology which allows the operator to change
the frequency of an uplink signal with no impact on viewers.<br />
Eutelsat
says this marks a "major breakthrough in the bid for continuity of
service for broadcast signals jammed by rogue uplink signals".<br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-81427566669412862014-05-31T22:33:00.001+09:002014-05-31T22:33:45.205+09:00<div class="widget-container widget-container-left has-pull-quote" data-widget-section-index="2">
<div class="widget widget-heading" data-widget-index="1" id="heading-bbc-condemns-ethiopian-broadcast-jamming">
<h2>
BBC condemns Ethiopian broadcast jamming</h2>
</div>
<div class="widget widget-richtext has-pull-quote" data-widget-index="2">
<div class="widget-richtext-pullquote">
<blockquote role="note">
<span class="widget-richtext-pullquote-quote">This is a deliberate act of vandalism...</span><span class="widget-richtext-pullquote-author">Liliane Landor, acting Director, BBC World Service Group</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="text">
<div class="has_synopsis has_date has_tags">
<div class="date">
<strong>Date: <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/search?date=2014-05-30">30.05.2014</a></strong> Last updated: 30.05.2014 at 16.07</div>
<div class="tags">
Category: <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/search?tag=World_Service">World Service</a></div>
<div class="synopsis" style="margin-top: 1em;">
Liliane
Landor, acting Director of the BBC World Service Group, has called on
the Ethiopian authorities to stop jamming BBC broadcasts in the Middle
East and North Africa. </div>
</div>
She joined directors from Deutsche
Welle, France 24, and the US Broadcasting Board of Directors which
oversees the Voice of America, in condemning the flagrant violation of
the clearly established international procedures on operating satellite
equipment.<br />
Liliane Landor said: “The BBC calls upon the Ethiopian
authorities to end this interference. They are disrupting international
news broadcasts for no apparent reason. This is a deliberate act of
vandalism that tarnishes their reputation.”<br />
During the past week,
BBC television and radio broadcasts on the Arabsat satellites have been
affected by intentional uplink interference. Many international
television broadcasts, including those from France 24 and Deutsche
Welle, have been badly affected.<br />
The satellite operator Arabsat
has reported that the interference has come from within Ethiopia. The
interference is intensive and affects services on all three Arabsat
satellites. Unlike previous instances of intentional interference, these
events do not appear to be linked to any particular content or channel
on these satellites.<br />
The interference is contrary to the
international regulations that govern the use of radio frequency
transmissions and the operation of satellite systems, and inhibits the
ability of individuals to freely access media according to Article 19 of
the UN Declaration of Human Rights.<br />
<strong>CM7</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-3751450691904808442014-05-30T22:17:00.002+09:002014-05-30T22:17:25.589+09:00Arabsat locates jamming source in Ethiopian territories<header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">
Arabsat locates jamming source in Ethiopian territories</h1>
<div class="entry-meta">
<time class="entry-time" datetime="2014-05-29T15:08:08+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">May 29, 2014 15.08 Europe/London</time> By <span class="entry-author" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><a class="entry-author-link" href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/author/robert-briel/" itemprop="url" rel="author"><span class="entry-author-name" itemprop="name">Robert Briel</span></a></span> </div>
</header><a href="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Arabsat-jamming.png"><img alt="Arabsat jamming" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-103499" height="199" src="http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Arabsat-jamming.png" width="317" /></a>Arab
Satellite Communication Organisation (Arabsat) has announced that many
TV channels on-board its fleet of satellites have been the subject of
intentional jamming for the past week up to today.<span id="more-103494"></span><br />
Arabsat engineers conducted detailed analysis to identify the source
of the jamming, it was confirmed that this interference was originating
from Ethiopian territories. It is not clear which broadcasts are
targeted this time.<br />
In Febrnuary 2012, Arabsat also said it suffered from jamming from
Ethiopia. At the time, broadcasts from several Lebanese channels and
Al-Jazeera have been jammed in the past year on the frequencies of
Arabsat and Nilesat. However, Ethiopia tried to target the Erithrean
Television, as well as broadcasts from Deutsche Welle, Al-Jazeera Arabic
and VOA, and it seemed that most other jamming was unintentional.<br />
In a statement, the satellite operator said “Arabsat expresses its
resentment for such an illegal act and is surprise for this vandalism as
there are no Ethiopian or Eritrean channels broadcast within Arabsat
DTH bouquets. This jamming may be aimed at some opponents channels for
one of the two countries channels that are broadcasted on board
satellites near Arabsat 26 degrees East neighbourhood or on board other
satellites which Arabsat has no relation with.<br />
“Arabsat assures to its customers that it is tackling this issue both
at national and international level. International Telecommunication
Union and Arab League has been informed of this issue and several
efforts are underway to mediate the situation. <br />
“Arabsat will follow up the matter and take all appropriate actions
to prosecute the culprit at the judicial authorities and the
international organisation of frequencies and any legal means that may
deem appropriate to ensure that any damage already incurred or to be
incurred by the noise, will not go without legal action, regardless of
whether this damage is direct or indirect.<br />
“Arabsat is deeply thankful to its respected valued customers for
their understanding and supporting for ARABSAT as this intentional
jamming is beyond its control.<br />
(Picture courtesey of <a href="http://www.kimandrewelliott.com/" target="_blank">Kim Andrew Elliott’s website on international broadcasting</a>)jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-70510067340174448402014-05-01T18:20:00.002+09:002014-05-01T18:20:49.911+09:00
<h1 class="entry-title">
Russia Clamps Down Further on U.S. International Media</h1>
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<span class="entry-date"><abbr class="published" title="2014-04-04T14:04:58+0000">April 4, 2014</abbr></span></div>
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<img alt="Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, visits the headquarters of "Russia Today" TV channel in Moscow, Russia, (AP Photo/Yuri Kochetkov, Pool)" class="size-medium wp-image-18137" height="192" src="http://www.bbg.gov/wp-content/media/2014/04/AP422434669338-300x192.jpg" width="300" /><div class="wp-caption-text">
Russian
President Vladimir Putin, right, visits the headquarters of “Russia
Today” TV channel in Moscow, Russia, (AP Photo/Yuri Kochetkov, Pool)</div>
</div>
The Broadcasting Board of Governors has condemned a recent decision
by Russian authorities to cut off all remaining radio transmissions by
U.S. international media in Russia.<br />
In a one-sentence letter dated March 21, Dmitry Kiselev, the director of the information agency <i>Rossiya Segodnya</i>
(Russia Today), stated that “we are not going to cooperate” with the
BBG’s request to continue a long-standing contract for broadcasting on
Russian soil. Effective at the end of March, this decision removes the
last vestige of Voice of America programming – including news in
Russian and English-language lessons – from a local frequency in Moscow
(810 AM).<br />
“Moscow has chosen to do the wrong thing and restrict free speech,”
said BBG Chairman Jeff Shell. “This is a fundamental value shared by
many countries around the world. The BBG will continue to reach
audiences in Russia through digital platforms and via satellite
transmissions.”<br />
Distribution of VOA and RFE/RL programming in Russia reached a high
point in 2005, when VOA Russian programming was distributed on a
nationwide television network and both VOA and RFE/RL had extensive
partnerships with domestic Russian radio stations. But starting in that
year, the Russian government turned greater attention to these stations
and asked them all to re-apply for their licenses. And beginning in
2006, by denying the licenses of the stations that re-applied and
intimidating the others, Russian authorities systematically eliminated
domestic radio distribution of BBG-supported programs and almost all
television distribution. In 2012, Russian authorities forced RFE/RL off
its last remaining domestic radio outlet, an AM frequency in Moscow.<br />
“We urge Mr. Kiselev and other Russian authorities to open Russian
airwaves to more of our programs and those of other international
broadcasters,” Shell added. “We’re asking for an even playing field: As
Moscow’s media crackdown deepens, Russian media – including RT
television – enjoy open access to the airwaves in the United States and
around the world. The Russian people deserve the same freedom to access
information.”<br />
Kiselev, known for his strident anti-Western and homophobic views on
Russian state television, was appointed in December 2013 to lead Russia
Today. At the same time the Voice of Russia and the RIA Novosti news
agency were merged into Russia Today.<br />
The move also comes amid a fast-moving campaign to target opposition
and independent media. Lists of “traitors” have been circulating in
Moscow, and pro-Kremlin analyst Sergei Markov recently added RFE/RL’s
Russian Service, Radio Liberty to his “list of traitors” on Facebook. In
the same vein, <a href="http://politonline.ru/">politonline.ru</a>, a part of the <a href="http://pravda.ru/">Pravda.ru</a>
media holding, has created Russia’s first top-20 list of the most
“anti-Russian” news outlets. This list, which places Radio Liberty
sixth, is being shared by influential Russian political advisors such as
Alexander Dugin, who wrote on his Facebook page that “this is the order
in which Russia’s most contemptible media outlets will be closed or
blocked.”<br />
Russians are <a href="http://www.bbg.gov/blog/2014/01/08/bbg-research-series-contemporary-media-use-in-russia/">increasingly turning to the Internet and social media</a>
for their news. VOA’s digital strategy incorporates content across
platforms. In addition to live interactives with domestic television
channels, such as Russian Business Channel, VOA’s web-TV show, Podelis,
allows users to connect and engage with the content in real time using <a href="https://twitter.com/podelis">social media</a>.
Podelis, which means “share” in Russian, provides a unique opportunity
to engage in discussions about current events, Russian politics and
U.S.-Russia relations. VOA’s social media following in Russia has grown
significantly and visits to <a href="http://www.golos-ameriki.ru/">VOA’s website</a> have doubled every year since 2008.<br />
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty’s Russian Service provides 24 hours of radio programming via the Internet and satellite, a <a href="http://www.svoboda.org/">website</a> that was visited more than 6.5 million times in March, and a strong presence on social media such as <a href="http://www.facebook.com/radiosvoboda">Facebook</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/SvobodaRadio">Twitter</a>.
RFE/RL has started a multi-hour, daily video stream for Russia
consisting of coverage of the most important events with reactions from
Russian citizens as well as opinions from the West. The stream also
includes live roundtable discussions and expert interviews on Russia.<br />
<em><span style="font-size: 13px;">[Note: </span>This statement has been corrected to remove a comment that RT television is under Mr. Kiselev’s authority.] </em>jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-21781657582628193202014-04-27T21:46:00.001+09:002014-04-27T21:46:26.455+09:00The spooky world of the 'numbers stations'<div class="story-body">
<span class="story-date">
<span class="date">16 April 2014</span>
<span class="time-text">Last updated at </span><span class="time">13:27</span>
</span>
<div class="share-help" id="page-bookmark-links-head">
</div>
<h1 class="story-header">
The spooky world of the 'numbers stations'</h1>
<span class="byline">
<span class="byline-name">By Olivia Sorrel-Dejerine</span>
<span class="byline-title">BBC News Magazine</span>
</span>
<div class="caption full-width">
<img alt="Front display of radio " height="390" src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/71098000/jpg/_71098831_radio_624.jpg" width="624" />
</div>
<div class="embedded-hyper">
</div>
<div class="introduction" id="story_continues_1">
This
is the era of hyper-tech espionage, encrypted emails and mindboggling
cryptography. But you can hear a very old-fashioned form of espionage on
shortwave radio. </div>
It is 13:03 on a Tuesday in a cramped room with some fairly
advanced radio equipment. What is suddenly heard on a shortwave
receiving station is a 10-minute message in Morse code.<br />
There is a small community of aficionados who believe
messages like this are a throwback to the era of Cold War espionage.
They are the mysterious "numbers stations". <br />
At the apex of the Cold War, radio lovers across the globe
started to notice bizarre broadcasts on the airwaves. Starting with a
weird melody or the sound of several beeps, these transmissions might be
followed by the unnerving sound of a strange woman's voice counting in
German or the creepy voice of a child reciting letters in English.<br />
Encountering these shortwave radio messages, many radio hams
concluded that they were being used to send coded messages across
extremely long distances. Coming across one of them was a curious
experience. Radio enthusiasts gave them colourful names like the "Nancy
Adam Susan", "The Lincolnshire Poacher," "The Swedish Rhapsody" or "The
Gong Station."<br />
The Lincolnshire Poacher was so named because of two bars
from an English folk song of that name being used as an "interval
signal". <br />
<div class="audioInStoryC">
</div>
Times have changed and technology has evolved, but there's
evidence that this old-fashioned seeming method of communication might
still be used. Shortwave numbers stations might seem low-tech but they
probably remain the best option for transmitting information to agents
in the field, some espionage experts suggest.<br />
"Nobody has found a more convenient and expedient way of
communicating with an agent," says Rupert Allason, an author
specialising in espionage issues and writing under the pen name Nigel
West.<br />
"Their sole purpose is for intelligence agencies to
communicate with their agents in denied areas - a territory where it is
difficult to use a consensual form of communications," Allason says.<br />
<div class="audioInStoryC">
</div>
A former GCHQ officer, who does not wish to be named, whose
duty was to intercept signals towards the UK and search for these
numbers stations in the 1980s is also adamant that these were broadcasts
to agents in the field or in residencies or directed to embassies.<br />
It was "one-way traffic" - the transmitters broadcast numbers to the recipient. The recipient did not reply.<br />
Why might the numbers stations have been used?<br />
"This system is completely secure because the messages can't
be tracked, the recipient could be anywhere," says Akin Fernandez, the
creator of the Conet Project - a comprehensive archive of the phenomenon
of numbers stations. "It is easy. You just send the spies to a country
and get them to buy a radio. They know where to tune and when," he says.
<br />
Fernandez was fascinated by the mystery of numbers stations. <br />
<div class="caption full-width">
<img alt="An image of the antenna that used to sit behind the Dorchester in London " height="489" src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/74256000/jpg/_74256699_akin-1.jpg" width="624" />
<span style="width: 624px;">Any kind of antenna, innocent or otherwise, might once have attracted raised eyebrows</span>
</div>
"It was so weird I wanted to know more about them," he says. He
put three years of his life aside in order to put together a coherent
archive of these stations.<br />
"Once you hear them, it has an effect on you," he says. "I
never expected to be talking about it 17 years after hearing it for the
first time - when the Conet Project first started."<br />
Unlike other aspects of the Cold War era, the numbers
stations didn't leave a lasting impression on popular culture. "It is a
dry subject until you listen to them," Fernandez says.<br />
"It is a way of communicating securely between the Secret
Intelligent Service and agents, and it is incomprehensible," says Philip
Davies, a politics and history professor at the Brunel University in
London.<br />
<div class="story-feature wide ">
<a class="hidden" href="http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-24910397#story_continues_2">Continue reading the main story</a> <h2>
The Magazine on spies </h2>
<div class="caption body-narrow-width">
<img alt="Scene from the BBC spy drama Spooks " height="171" src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/71069000/jpg/_71069882_spooks-small.jpg" width="304" />
</div>
Revelations about the US National Security Agency's spying have provoked global outrage. <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-24749166">But government snooping is nothing new</a>, says Anthony Zurcher.<br />
<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-24627187">People and nations spy, even on friends.</a>
But in the realm of international electronic espionage, the US wields a
nuclear arsenal while the rest of the globe fights with guns, says Tara
McKelvey. <br />
Most people have watched a spy film, but few have ever met someone from the intelligence community. <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-17560253">So how close are real spies to the Bournes and the Bonds?</a> Peter Taylor looks at the world of the modern day secret agent.<br />
</div>
<div id="story_continues_2">
But espionage was not the only
explanation posited. Some people have even argued that the phenomenon
was an elaborate prank. But the scale of the stations - multiple
frequencies in different languages - makes that explanation seem
far-fetched. Fernandez notes that any prankster would need to buy
millions of pounds of radio transmitters. </div>
Despite the general veil of secrecy around espionage, the odd
bit of corroborative evidence for the purpose of numbers stations has
leaked out. "The purpose of numbers stations has been guessed at first
by anonymous leaks, stories of people being arrested with radios and
'one-time pads' and other scattered pieces of evidence, as well as some
privately published books and magazines," says Fernandez. The one-time
pads enabled a form of code that would have been uncrackable to anyone
listening in. <br />
In 1989, a Czech spy was arrested in the UK because his
equipment was faulty and it radiated into other people's flats. He was
unlucky. "When the Ceausescu regime collapsed, there was a cessation of
broadcasts from Romania," the former GCHQ officer says.<br />
Experts are confident that numbers stations do still exist, even if there are fewer of them.<br />
"In the same way spy tricks such as pretending to feed ducks
around a pond might still exist, numbers stations still exist too," says
Al Bolton, a radio amateur. "It is an old-fashioned means of
communication but you have to think of security."<br />
Computers almost always leave traces, whereas a paper and a pen are easy to destroy.<br />
<div class="caption full-width">
<img alt="Headlines about the 2010 spy case" height="408" src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/74256000/jpg/_74256701_spy-headlines.jpg" width="624" />
</div>
"The danger with a computer is that if you get caught, the data
on it is still retrievable. Whereas with a one-time pad, you can eat it
or flush it down the toilet," he says.<br />
In the 2010 raids on a Russian spy ring in the US, court
papers alleged that they had used "coded radio transmissions and
encrypted data", a hint that they might have received their orders via
shortwave numbers stations. <br />
Despite all the clues, no government has ever officially
admitted or denied using numbers stations, nor have intelligence
agencies.<br />
"Once The Conet Project was released, some spy agencies
admitted that they were, 'not for public consumption'. This is as near
to an admission that we have been able to obtain," Fernandez says.<br />
Enthusiasts might be fighting sceptics about the stations'
real purpose, but what is certain is that they aren't a pure product of
imagination.<br />
If you don't believe so "you could always get yourself a
short wave radio, wait till the night time and then start scanning for
them", Fernandez says.<br />
And then listen and wonder. <br />
<em>Follow </em><a href="https://twitter.com/BBCNewsMagazine">@BBCNewsMagazine</a><em> on Twitter and on </em><a href="http://www.facebook.com/BBCMagazine" title="Facebook - BBC Magazine">Facebook</a><br />
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-28334423034768950712014-04-16T22:45:00.000+09:002014-04-16T22:45:03.879+09:00 Denying Involvement, Iran Vows to Investigate Jamming of Foreign Media<h2 class="sitetitle">
</h2>
<h1>
Denying Involvement, Iran Vows to Investigate Jamming of Foreign Media
</h1>
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<span class="imageCaption">Radio Farda producer Sara Valinejad sits in the studio, Oct. 11, 2006, in Springfield, Virginia.</span></div>
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<div class="author">
<span class="">Golnaz Esfandiari, RFE</span></div>
<div class="article_date">
April 05, 2014
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<div id="ctl00_ctl00_cpAB_cp1_cbcContentBreak">
<div class="zoomMe">
Earlier this week, Iran's Minister of Communications and Information
Technology Reza Taghipour denied his department's involvement in jamming
satellite signals, and said the ministry was "seriously" pursuing the
case.<br />
<br />
"It is essential to trace and identify the source of jamming as the
practice has many negative consequences," he said in an interview with
the Iranian parliament's Icana website in August.<br />
<br />
Foreign-based media channels – including VOA’s Persian service – have
been routinely blocked for years in Iran and there are fears among
Iranian health officials that the jamming equipment may cause cancer.<br />
<br />
A report by the U.S. Broadcasting Board of Governors estimates that
about one-fourth of Iranians have access to a satellite dish and that an
average of 32 percent watch satellite television weekly. The Islamic
Republic of Iran Broadcasting considers 40 percent of those shows
forbidden programming and responds by jamming satellite signals.<br />
<br />
While Iranian officials have acknowledged that signal jamming is taking
place, and even warned of potentially negative consequences, no one in
the government has stepped up to assume responsibility.<br />
<br />
The head of the Iranian parliament's health committee, Hossein Ali
Shahriari, reacted to Taghipour's comments by saying that the
communications ministry was "very well" aware of the source of the
jamming.<br />
<br />
“But [the ministry] doesn’t want to announce it,” Shahriari said
interview with the Asr-e Iran website, which is said to be close to
Tehran’s mayor, Mohammad Ghalibaf.<br />
<br />
Shahriari admitted that the source of the jamming is inside the country but declined to comment further.<br />
<br />
According to Icana, Iran's Communication Regulatory Authority, the
country's sole radio and communications regulator, has also denied
knowledge of the jamming source.<br />
<br />
The Iranian regime has long used signal jamming to disrupt the free flow
of information, routinely jamming international broadcast signals,
including the U.S.-funded VOA Persian service, RFE/RL’s Persian
Service, and Radio Farda in an attempt to prevent media coverage
critical of Tehran from reaching Iranians.<br />
<br />
According to some observers, the government seems to intensify jamming
efforts during sensitive times, such as the 2009 antigovernment protests
and the Arab Spring revolutions.<br />
<br />
While officials insist that the source of the current jamming is a
mystery, some opposition sources have reported that Iran’s Revolutionary
Guard Force (IRGC) is behind it.<br />
<br />
Meanwhile, there are growing health concerns about the impact of jamming.<br />
<br />
Massoumeh Ebtekar, a member of Tehran’s city council, said recently that
jamming is dangerous for the health of Tehran’s residents.<br />
<br />
"What we know is that these signals have an impact on people’s health
and the body’s cells,” said Ebtekar, who blames the government for the
jamming. “As an immunologist and researcher, I'd say that these signals
could be the source of many illnesses.”<br />
<br />
Other lawmakers and some physicians, have also warned about the health dangers posed by signal jamming.<br />
<br />
There have been media reports on Iranians, especially in Tehran, who felt dizzy and ill for no apparent reason.<br />
<br />
Jammers work by emitting signals at the same frequency as the device they’re attempting to block.
</div>
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</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-76850499497620781912013-10-19T17:19:00.000+09:002013-10-19T17:19:10.781+09:00BBC 'must invest to guard against jamming by China and Iran'<br />
<div class="storyHead">
<h1 itemprop="headline name">
BBC 'must invest to guard against jamming by China and Iran'</h1>
<h2 itemprop="alternativeHeadline description">
It would be 'astonishing' if broadcasts continue to be blocked because BBC
fails to spend money to protect them, says House of Commons committee
</h2>
<div class="artIntro">
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<span class="caption">The MPs’ report will stress how Iran and China make immense efforts to jam the BBC</span> <span class="credit">Photo: AP</span><br />
<span class="credit">daily telegraph </span></div>
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<a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/david-blair/"><img alt="David Blair" border="0" height="60" src="http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02071/David-Blair_60_2071880j.jpg" width="60" /></a>
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By <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/david-blair/" rel="author" title="David Blair">
David Blair</a></div>
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6:30AM BST 17 Oct 2013</div>
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The BBC should invest in protecting its global news service from being jammed
by countries like <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/10383556/www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran"><b>Iran</b></a>
and <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/10383556/www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china"><b>China</b></a>,
the Foreign Affairs select committee will say on Thursday.
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The MPs’ report will stress how Iran and China make immense efforts to jam the
BBC. The former obstructs the BBC Persian news channel; the latter blocks
BBC World Service broadcasts in Mandarin. <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/9893531/BBC-accuses-Beijing-of-extensive-jamming-of-World-Service.html"><b>Since
February, China has also “intensively jammed” the BBC World Service in
English</b></a>.
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Iran and China also try to block access to BBC news websites. “The BBC needs
to think sooner rather than later about what scale of investment will be
needed in order to preserve open access to its internet-based services for
international audiences,” say the MPs. New technology can protect satellite
and radio services from being jammed.
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”The BBC World Service makes a huge contribution to the projection of the UK,
its values and strengths, across the world. It would be astonishing if that
work were to be diminished purely because the BBC lacked the resources to
protect its broadcasts from interference,” says the report. The MPs urge the
BBC to “provide the resources necessary to afford that protection”.
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-52722244611089470992013-09-05T22:38:00.001+09:002013-09-05T22:38:35.174+09:00Al Jazeera accuses armed forces of jamming satellite signals<br />
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Al Jazeera accuses armed forces of jamming satellite signals</h1>
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The Qatari based news network identifies four locations where it believes jamming signals are being broadcast<br />
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Al Jazeera has accused the armed forces of interfering with its satellite broadcasting signals in Egypt.<br />(AFP Photo)</div>
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Al Jazeera has accused the armed forces of interfering with its satellite broadcasting signals in Egypt.<br />
The Qatar based news agency, citing a “panel of experts” on Tuesday,
claims to have identified four locations where it believes satellite
jamming signals are being broadcast from. In a report on its English
language channel presenter Sami Zeidan said, “It is clear the common
link in all of these locations is the presence of military facilities.”
Al Jazeera also refused to name its correspondent reporting from Cairo
via telephone, citing security reasons.<br />
In its report Al Jazeera showed a map of Cairo and the surrounding
area identifying two locations on the Cairo-Suez road, one on the
Cairo-Alexandria road and one in Heliopolis. Zeidan’s report states that
the panel of experts believe the jamming signal location is accurate to
a 1.6km area. In all four locations shown on the map the report shows
armed forces installation within the 1.6km radius.<br />
Al Jazeera reported that it “has been forced to change frequencies
several times to allow viewers to continue to watch the network’s news
and sport channels.”<br />
The network says it has been targeted by the Egyptian authorities
since the ouster of former President Mohamed Morsi at the beginning of
July.<br />
The Administrative Court of the State Council ruled on Tuesday to <a href="http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/09/03/court-rules-on-blocking-al-jazeera-mubasher-egypt/">close Al-Jazeera Mubasher Misr</a>,
the network’s channel for Egypt. The judge in the case said the
decision to close the channel along with three Islamist channels was
made due to the channels’ “dissemination of rumours and false,
misleading news, which might cause strife in the community between
citizens and panic among them.”<br />
Three foreign Al-Jazeera reporters were <a href="http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/09/02/al-jazeera-officials-released-deported/">deported</a> by the Egyptian authorities last Sunday having been held without charge for five days before being forced to leave the country.<br />
The offices of Al Jazeera Mubasher Misr were <a href="http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/08/31/freedom-of-expression-groups-denounce-raid-on-al-jazeera/">raided</a> by security forces towards the end of August and broadcasting equipment was confiscated.<br />
Al Jazeera denies any accusation that it is bias and “says it carries
no torch for any political party,” according to the network’s report.</div>
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jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-23473937617758074762013-09-03T22:25:00.003+09:002013-09-03T22:25:48.361+09:00Egypt accused of jamming al-Jazeera<div id="article-header">
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<h1 itemprop="name headline ">
Egypt accused of jamming al-Jazeera</h1>
<div class="stand-first-alone" data-component="Article:standfirst_cta" id="stand-first" itemprop="description">
Broadcaster says it has pinpointed four different sources of jamming after commissioning an interference detection company</div>
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<li class="publication">
<a href="http://www.theguardian.com/" itemprop="publisher">theguardian.com</a>,
<time datetime="2013-09-02T16:54BST" itemprop="datePublished" pubdate="">Monday 2 September 2013 16.54 BST</time>
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<img alt="Al Jazeera " height="276" itemprop="contentUrl representativeOfPage" src="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2013/9/2/1378135150533/Al-Jazeera--008.jpg" width="460" />
<div class="caption" itemprop="caption">
Al-Jazeera claims it
has pinpointed four locations where the Egyptian government is jamming
its signals. Photograph: Stan Honda/AFP/Getty Images</div>
</div>
The Egyptian government has been accused of jamming the signal of <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/media/al-jazeera" title="More from guardian.co.uk on Al-Jazeera">al-Jazeera</a>, the pan-Arabic news channel, for the past seven weeks.<br />
It has also been blamed for blocking the broadcaster from sending out raw TV feeds on the Egyptian crisis to other broadcasters.<br />
The
Qatar-based channel's head of teleport, Ibrahim Nassar, told
MediaGuardian it has pinpointed four different locations for the source
of jamming after commissioning an interference detection company,
Integral Systems Europe, to investigate the problem. Three of these were
east of Cairo and one was in the desert west of the capital.<br />
Nassar
said its Egyptian service, al-Jazeera Mubasher, had been subjected to
jamming every day between the hours of 7am and midnight since 5 July. It
broadcasts on the Egyptian-owned Nilesat satellite.<br />
The
second operation, providing broadcasters with TV feeds, is fed through a
satellite owned by the Arab League countries, Arabsat, and has also
been subjected to interference, although the last record of jamming was
on 7 August.<br />
"There is a big campaign against us even in
the Egyptian media," said Nassar. He said the broadcaster will appeal to
the Egyptian authorities to stop blocking its TV feeds on Arabsat
through the International Telecommunications Union but that usually this
process is not enough.<br />
Al-Jazeera believes the blocking of its signal in <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/egypt" title="More from guardian.co.uk on Egypt">Egypt</a>
is part of a concerted campaign to close it down, which includes the
arrest of reporters and cameraman working for the broadcaster in Cairo.<br />
The
Egyptian government hit back, saying if al-Jazeera had any evidence
that the government was blocking its services, it should make a formal
complaint to Cairo.<br />
It also denied targeting the station, and accused it of stoking anti-government sentiment with pro-Muslim Brotherhood policies.<br />
"We
have had hundreds of claims that they are inciting people, they are
misleading them and fabricating reports. They put cameras in Tahrir
Square and exaggerated the number of protestors; they invited biased
guests on and insult millions of Egyptian people. They support the
Muslim Brotherhood … they should judge themselves before they make these
claims," said a spokeswoman at the Egyptian embassy in London.<br />
Egyptian
authorities deported three al-Jazeera journalists on Sunday, days after
the channel carried appeals from leaders of ousted-president Mohamed
Morsi's Muslim Brotherhood to stage protests against the army-backed
government.<br />
Qatar was a strong financial backer of
Brotherhood rule and opposes the army's overthrow of Morsi and the
ensuing bloody crackdown on his movement.<br />
Al-Jazeera's
offices in Cairo have been closed since 3 July, when they were raided by
security forces hours after Morsi was toppled, although the channel,
broadcast from Qatar, can still be seen in Egypt. Security officials at
Cairo airport said Wayne Hay, Adil Bradlow and Russ Finn were put on an
Egyptian plane bound for London, after being forced to leave their
equipment behind.<br />
Last Thursday, <a href="http://www.eshailsat.qa/press.aspx" title="">Qatar Satellite Company</a>
launched its first satellite as part of a wider strategy to secure
technical independence in the Middle East, but it will not be ready for
broadcast use until December. The satellite is co-owned by Eutelsat, the
European satellite operator, and will have the capacity to carry dozens
of channels.<br />
It is not the first time that al-Jazeera has
fallen foul of the Egyptian authorities. In 2011, the government closed
16 satellite channels including al-Jazeera Mubasher, claiming the news
channel "did not abide by Egyptian law and disregarded Egyptian
sovereignty".jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-54793192507410565632013-07-10T14:04:00.000+09:002013-07-10T14:04:04.087+09:00Jamming in Azerbaijan: Foreign news outlets unable to broadcast <div id="dvMenuBottom">
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Jamming in Azerbaijan: Foreign news outlets unable to broadcast
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Three broadcasters appear to have been targeted for transmitting alternative news coverage into Azerbaijan.</h2>
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Rebecca
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London. She is a former US diplomat and has worked with a wide range of
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As Azerbaijan's October presidential election
approaches, the authorities seem more determined than ever to restrict
citizens' access to information through <a class="internallink" href="http://www.irfs.org/last-publications/azerbaijans-broadcast-media-assessment-media-in-a-chokehold/" target="_blank"> controlling </a> the country's media, taking steps to <a class="internallink" href="http://www.irfs.org/news-feed/azerbaijans-government-determined-to-kill-internet-freedom/" target="_blank"> limit Internet freedom</a>, and <a class="internallink" href="http://www.article19.org/resources.php/resource/3674/en/the-individual-cost-of-freedom-of-expression-in-azerbaijan" target="_blank"> making harsh examples </a>
of journalists who express critical opinions in order to keep the
broader media community in line. Now, it appears that Azerbaijanis are
also facing restrictions in accessing broadcast programmes from outside
of the country. <span lang="EN-GB">Several foreign outlets have noted
deliberate broadcast interferences, known as jamming, and is a practice
that violates both international telecommunications regulations and <a class="internallink" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2012/201112wsjammingconference.html" target="_blank">human rights law.</a></span><br />
The state has long dominated the broadcast media in Azerbaijan. Of
the country's nine national television stations, three are directly
owned by the state, and the six private stations are heavily influenced
through the state's control over advertising revenues. The 12 national
radio stations also fail to provide a plurality of programming.<br />
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<td class="caption">Azerbaijan criticised ahead of Eurovision</td>
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The Institute for Reporters' Freedom and Safety has highlighted <a class="internallink" href="http://www.irfs.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/IRFS_Broadcast_Media_Report.pdf" target="_blank"> discrepancies </a>
with the allocation of broadcasting licenses, calling the procedure
"highly political, biased, and non-transparent", preventing potentially
critical media outlets from broadcasting within the country.<br />
Since January 2009, foreign broadcasters have been <a class="internallink" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/Azerbaijan_Bans_RFERL_Other_Foreign_Radio/1364986.html" target="_blank"> banned </a>
from accessing national frequencies in Azerbaijan, a move that took the
Azerbaijani services of the BBC, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
(RFE/RL), and Voice of America off the air, effectively eliminating the
only international sources of broadcast news in the country.<br />
As a result, many Azerbaijanis are exposed only to the state's
version of events, which prioritises coverage of President Ilham Aliyev
and First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva's activities, idolizes the late former
President - and father of the current President - Heydar Aliyev, and
heavily skews or completely omits reporting on significant events with
political implications, such as anti-government protests or trials of
political prisoners.<br />
In the absence of independent broadcasting within the country,
satellite broadcasts from outside the country have become increasingly
important, providing citizens with valuable access to independent
information and a rare glimpse of political views that differ from those
of the ruling party.<br />
<strong> Reports of interference </strong><br />
Since losing the ability to broadcast on national frequencies, RFE/RL
has continued to disseminate Azerbaijani-language content online, and
in a weekly news magazine programme broadcast into the country via
satellite. But now this content is also under threat. On June 20, 2013,
RFE/RL reported several instances of jamming with its satellite
broadcast into Azerbaijan since Aprli 2013.<br />
In its <a class="internallink" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/release-interference-with-rferl-signal-to-azerbaijan/25023524.html" target="_blank"> press release </a>
on the disruption, RFE/RL stated, "the current interference has many of
the characteristics of deliberate interference. It only occurs during
programs in the Azerbaijani language. The interfering signal carries no
content, indicating its sole purpose is to disrupt other programming.
When the RFE/RL program moves to other channels and satellites, the
interfering signal follows".<br />
After RFE/RL experienced disruption again during its broadcasts on
June 29 and 30, RFE/RL's Deputy Director of Communications and External
Relations, Joanna Levison, commented further on the matter.<br />
<blockquote>
"We have experienced targeted interference with our satellite news
programming to Azerbaijan that, now after 10 weeks, we have to conclude
is deliberate. We have experienced numerous other kinds of attacks on
our operations in Azerbaijan, including smear campaigns aimed at
discrediting our reporters, to threats, physical attacks, and a
government ban barring us from FM broadcasts in 2009. Jamming is a
violation of international broadcast treaties, and it's a flagrant
violation of international norms and standards governing media freedom.
This interference with Azeri citizens' fundamental right to information
must be stopped".<br />
</blockquote>
RFE/RL is not the only entity to report recent interference with its
broadcasting into Azerbaijan; both Meydan TV and Azerbaycan Saati
("Azerbaijan hour") have reported similar disruption. All three
broadcasters appear to have been targeted for transmitting alternative
news coverage into Azerbaijan.<br />
According to Emin Milli, Director of Meydan TV, the station has only
been able to broadcast via satellite once, for the project's inaugural
programme on May 15, 2013. Since that time, all subsequent attempts to
broadcast have been unsuccessful due to technical difficulties that
Milli attributes to jamming. Milli believes that the Azerbaijani
authorities view Meydan TV's programming as a threat to their power.<br />
"The current situation in the country is so unstable, the authorities
fear that even one hour per week of independent reporting could
jeopardise their power", he said.<br />
<strong> Violations of international commitments </strong><br />
The International Telecommunications Union (ITU), of which Azerbaijan
is a member, prohibits jamming, as stipulated in Article 45 of the
ITU's <a class="internallink" href="http://www.itu.int/net/about/basic-texts/constitution/chaptervii.aspx" target="_blank"> Constitution </a> and Article 15 of the ITU's <a class="internallink" href="http://www.itu.int/pub/R-REG-RR-2012" target="_blank"> Radio Regulations</a>. The US-backed Broadcasting Board of Governors, along with a number of prominent international broadcasters, recently issued a <a class="internallink" href="http://www.bbg.gov/blog/2013/05/03/media-freedom-faces-greatest-challenge-since-the-cold-war/" target="_blank"> statement </a>
that expressed concern over growing global reports of satellite jamming
and emphasised that "Media freedom has not faced such a concerted
campaign of disruption since the end of the Cold War".<br />
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<td class="caption"><br />In Azerbaijan, pro-democracy advocates face major challenges</td>
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The European Broadcasting Union has also repeatedly come on record on the issue and wrote <a class="internallink" href="http://www3.ebu.ch/cms/en/sites/ebu/contents/news/2012/10/ebu-deplores-middle-east-satelli.html" target="_blank"> condemning </a> reports of jamming originating in Syria and Iran throughout 2012.<br />
Jamming is also considered as a violation of the right to freedom of
expression, which Azerbaijan has committed to respect and protect
through its ratification of major international and regional treaties
including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the European Convention on
Human Rights. As ARTICLE 19 <a class="internallink" href="http://www.article19.org/resources.php/resource/2858/en/world-television-day:-satellite-jamming-and-freedom-of-expression" target="_blank"> points out</a>, deliberate jamming "interferes with both the rights of individuals and broadcasters to receive and impart information".<br />
In addition to violations of ITU regulations and international human
rights law, disruptions of satellite broadcasts of independent news
coverage in Azerbaijan negatively impacts the chances of October's
presidential election being conducted in accordance with international
democratic standards. If citizens have no access to information about
the true state of affairs in their country and are not exposed to a
plurality of political opinions, the electoral process cannot be
considered free and fair.<br />
<strong> The international response </strong><br />
So far, the international community has remained largely silent on the issue, although the US State Department <a class="internallink" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/journalists-in-trouble-us-acknowledges-interference/25030756.html" target="_blank"> acknowledged the reports</a>,
stating: "We have seen reports that RFE/RL and other outlets have
encountered difficulties broadcasting satellite programming into
Azerbaijan…the United States strongly supports media freedom and freedom
of expression in Azerbaijan".<br />
Indeed, RFE/RL - along with Meydan TV and Azerbaycan Saati - provides
valuable reporting on current events in Azerbaijan, filling significant
gaps in the news coverage available from national broadcasters. The
reported disruption to their broadcasting is a serious negative
development that should be urgently addressed by international
organisations and democratic countries with relations with Azerbaijan,
starting by pressing the ITU to investigate the reported interference
and take action to address any violations.<br />
But perhaps the possibility that the Azerbaijani government is once
again defying its international obligations and using new tactics to
silence its critics is simply one more inconvenient truth, another in a
long list of issues that will be wilfully ignored to avoid disrupting
energy and security relations with an increasingly repressive regime.<br />
<em> <strong> Rebecca Vincent is an American-British human rights
activist currently based in London. She is a former US diplomat and has
worked with a wide range of international and Azerbaijani human rights
and freedom of expression organisations. </strong> </em><br />
<em> <strong> Follow her on Twitter: <a class="internallink" href="https://twitter.com/rebecca_vincent" target="_blank"> @rebecca_vincent </a> </strong> </em><br />
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<strong><em>The views expressed in this article are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera's editorial policy.</em></strong><br />
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jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-57810302847348258932013-07-02T17:57:00.002+09:002013-07-02T17:57:06.848+09:00china jams voa,bbc's african services<pre> DX LISTENING DIGEST 13-25, June 20, 2013
Incorporating REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING
edited by Glenn Hauser, http://www.worldofradio.com</pre>
<pre>** CHINA. 13970, CNR-1, June 12, 1030. Very solid with noted //s on
17080, 16920, 16360, 16100 (Rick Barton, Arizona, Hammarlund HQ-200,
Drake R8; Random Wire and Slinky, ABDX via DXLD)
Firedrake June 13:
13795, poor at 1223 with CCI, and still at 1311
CNR1 jamming, June 13:
15540, poor at 1308, het on hi side
15550, poor at 1353 // 11785, het on lo side
15610, poor under WEWN, but // 11785
15800, good at 1221
(Glenn Hauser, OK, DX LISTENING DIGEST)
13740, CNR-1, June 14, 1030. Firedrake music crashing and banging over
background on CNR-1 programming in Chinese. VG. Heard // CNR
transmissions, but sans Firedrake music, on: 16920, 16100, 13850,
13820.
13740, Firedrake Music, June 15, 1045. Crash-boom-bang. No //s heard.
Noted CNR-1 on Firedrake frequency 16100 (Rick Barton, Arizona,
Hammarlund HQ-200, Drake R8; Random Wire and Slinky, ABDX via DXLD)
Firedrake jamming, June 15:
12100, fair at 1234 vs CODAR. New frequency! Nothing at all in Aoki to
account for this, not even a 100-watt SOH listing
13795, fair at 1242 and // 12100
CNR1 jammers instead of Firedrake, June 15:
11500, poor at 1237; not synchronized with 11785, 11825; none in 12s
13970, good at 1241
14700, good at 1244 with hets, local?
15800, good at 1244, also 1300 timesignal and modulation stops but
carrier on until 1301:15* or so
16920, poor at 1245; none in the 17s
(Glenn Hauser, OK, DX LISTENING DIGEST)
15100, Firedrake Music Jammer. June 15, 1530. Strong with banging and
booming. No //s heard, nor any unusual CNR stations on typical
Firedrake frequencies. Also heard on recheck at 1710 with VG signals.
Surprised to hear it so soon after the hour (Rick Barton, Arizona,
Hammarlund HQ-200, Drake R8; Random Wire and Slinky, ABDX via DXLD)
15100, 15/Jun 1715, Firedrake with weak signal in my QTH, but good in
SDR Twente (Jorge Freitas, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 12 14エS 38 58エW -
Brasil, dxldyg via DX LISTENING DIGEST)
Against Voice of America in Uzbek:
1500-1530 on 15100 KWT 250 kW / 046 deg to CeAs Tue/Sat
Chinese technicians may already be sleeping (Ivo Ivanov, ibid.)
Firedrake June 16:
13795, fair at 1245 and still at 1331
Non-Firedrake CNR1 jamming June 16:
14700, very good at 1246 but none in the 12s, 13s or 15s. Off at 1331
16920, fair at 1251
17080, very poor at 1253 with flutter, // 14700
17450, very poor at 1253 with flutter; none in the 18s
Firedrake June 17:
13795, poor at 1234
CNR1 jamming instead of Firedrake June 17:
13920, fair at 1234; none in the 12s
14700, fair at 1234 with flutter; none in the 15s, 16s or 17s
Firedrake June 18:
13795, poor at 1240, and very poor at 1321; only one audible, all the
rest being CNR1 jammers instead:
After 1230 June 18:
None in the 17s, 16s, 15s or 14s at 1238
12500, very poor at 1241
12670, fair at 1241
12800, very poor at 1241
13530, fair at 1241
Before 1330 June 18:
12500, JBA at 1322
13530, poor at 1321 vs CODAR
13920, poor at 1320
14700, poor at 1320
14800, fair at 1320
15800, poor at 1318; none in the 16s
15970, poor at 1318
17250, fair at 1320
(Glenn Hauser, OK, DX LISTENING DIGST)
[and non]. BBC & VOA English to Africa === The Aoki file posted today,
June 18, includes many changes showing BBC and VOA English to Africa
jammed by CNR1 and Firedrake (Dan Ferguson, 1546 UT June 18, NASWA yg
via DXLD)
Checking 13 & 16m only so far in Aoki, following as*erisks, these are
shown as jammed, all English (and sometimes skipping other languages):
VOA:
17895 1500-1830
17530 1400-1500
BBC:
17830 0700-0800, 1600-1800
17795 1700-2000
17640 0600-0800, 1600-1700
Please check today, still jammed? These are in addition to numerous
broadcasts from VOA and BBC to Asia. Also AIR English:
17895 & 17510 at 1000-1100 are marked as jammed
(Glenn Hauser, OK, June 19, DX LISTENING DIGEST)</pre>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-43752125530826681782013-06-22T13:30:00.002+09:002013-06-22T13:30:40.486+09:00RFE/RL Reports Interference With Its Signal To Azerbaijan <div id="content_top_bar">
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<h1>
RFE/RL Reports Interference With Its Signal To Azerbaijan
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June 20, 2013
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<span class="firstLetter">R</span>FE/RL has
documented a pattern of disruption of its satellite news programming to
Azerbaijan that could indicate a new level of deliberate interference, a
practice known as jamming. The practice is a violation of international
telecommunications regulations. <br />
<br />
Since April 28, 2013, RFE/RL's weekly Azerbaijani language news
magazine, broadcast to Azerbaijan on the Medya TV channel on a popular
Turksat satellite from Turkey, has been interrupted with jittery images,
distorted sound and static. On three successive weekends the show,
"Different News" (Ferqli Kheberler), registered interference that began
four to five minutes into programming and ended shortly after it
concluded.<br />
<br />
In an attempt to get around the interference, the show was subsequently
placed on a different satellite and two other channels, Denge TV and
Sivas SRT. On each occasion, engineers with the U.S. International
Broadcasting Bureau documented electronic noise and distortion, most
recently on June 16.<br />
<br />
"Our broadcasts have been thwarted and our journalists have been
targeted in numerous cases of harassment in recent years, leading us to
suspect that this interference is a continuation, and indeed an
escalation, of such acts," said Kevin Klose, RFE/RL Acting President and
CEO. "These developments are serious, as they concern possible
violations of well-established international treaties, not to mention
international norms and standards regarding media freedom. They should
be investigated by Azeri and international telecommunications
authorities."<br />
<br />
Klose added, "We will continue to monitor our programming and report our
findings. We are dedicated to helping the people of Azerbaijan fully
exercise their freedom to seek and impart information across borders,
and to form opinions, free from interference."<br />
<br />
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We are dedicated to helping the people of Azerbaijan fully exercise
their freedom to seek and impart information across borders, and to form
opinions, free from interference.</div>
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Kevin Klose, RFE/RL Acting President<br />
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RFE/RL's news magazine belongs to a cluster of Azerbaijani language
programs shown on Turksat, among which "Azerbaijani Hour" (Azarbaycan
Saati), a program distributed by an opposition political party, has also
reported repeated interference. At the end of its June 16 episode,
which aired with a poor signal that at one point was lost entirely, the
Sivas SRT anchor accused the Azeri government of jamming.<br />
<br />
Ertogrul Akman, General Manager for Major Media, which handles placement
of programs on Turkish media, called the interference "unprecedented"
and told RFE/RL, "I have no doubt it's coming from Azerbaijan." He has
appealed to Turksat to investigate as "we are now having difficulty
placing the program [Different News], since it has experienced repeated
interference which has affected other programs and created audience
loss. The other companies are aware of this and don't want to risk
damage" by carrying the program, he added.<br />
<br />
RFE/RL's Azerbaijani language service was <strong><a href="http://bit.ly/1axnGB7">banned</a></strong>
from local FM airwaves by Azeri authorities in 2009, a restriction that
prompted the search for broadcast alternatives, including on satellite.
Since then, the service's journalists have been the targets of <strong><a href="http://bit.ly/x7qu4f">defamation campaigns</a></strong>; <strong><a href="http://bit.ly/natHGq">abductions</a></strong> and <strong><a href="http://bit.ly/12NGYPb">death threats</a></strong>; arbitrary detentions; <strong><a href="http://bit.ly/11BFELZ">physical attacks</a></strong>
and attempts to intimidate family members, none of which Azeri
authorities have investigated. Earlier this month, President Ilham
Aliyev signed into a law a bill criminalizing on-line defamation.<br />
<br />
In its just-released annual <strong><a href="http://bit.ly/12YmuGG">Nations in Transit</a></strong>
survey, Freedom House categorized Azerbaijan as a "Consolidated
Authoritarian Regime" that is "characterized by intolerance for dissent
and disregard for civil liberties and political rights." Reporters
Without Borders ranked it 156 out of 179 countries surveyed in its <strong><a href="http://bit.ly/19ll0Vu">2013 Press Freedom Index</a></strong>.<br />
<br />
The current interference has many of the characteristics of deliberate
interference. It only occurs during programs in the Azerbaijani
language. The interfering signal carries no content, indicating its sole
purpose is to disrupt other programming. When the RFE/RL program moves
to other channels and satellites, the interfering signal follows.
Jamming, which was used for decades to disrupt shortwave broadcasts by
Radio Free Europe and Radio liberty into the Soviet Union and Warsaw
Pact states, is prohibited under rules of the International
Telecommunications Union -- of which Azerbaijan is a member.<br />
<br />
For more information contact:<br />
<strong>Joanna Levison</strong><br />
Deputy Director of Communications<br />
Telephone: +420.602.612.705<br />
Fax: +420.221.123.010<br />
Email: levisonj@rferl.org
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jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-21269915336115847332013-05-11T13:35:00.001+09:002013-05-11T13:35:49.579+09:00How South Korea communicates with spies in North Korea<div class="single-title-wrap">
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<h1>
How South Korea communicates with spies in North Korea</h1>
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“Attention number 521, attention number 521, Please receive a telegram.”</div>
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<img alt="How South Korea communicates with spies in North Korea" class="" height="360" src="http://www.nknews.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/radio-transmissions-korea1-620x340.jpg" width="690" />
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by <a href="http://www.nknews.org/content_author/martyn-williams/">Martyn Williams</a> , May 10, 2013</div>
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Tune the shortwave radio bands around midnight and you’ll hear all
sorts of signals in the air above the Korean peninsula. The late night
hours are primetime for radio stations that target North Korea because
its one of the few times of the day that prospective listeners can hide
away in secret and listen to news and information from overseas.<br />
But between the international broadcasters and static, there are other signals attracting a much smaller audience.<br />
The most mysterious of these is only on the air for a few minutes
each time, and the broadcasts come just a few times each night. If
that’s not enough, the content of the programming is even stranger.<br />
After a North Korean popular song, an announcer comes on and broadcasts a string of numbers. And then it shuts down.<br />
“Attention number 521, attention number 521, Please receive a telegram.”<br />
And then a string of numbers is read out.<br />
It’s a so-called “numbers station.” They have been mysterious
fixtures of the shortwave broadcasting bands since the cold war, sending
strings of numbers that are widely believed to be coded messages for
spies overseas.<br />
This particular station has been dubbed “V24” by radio monitors that
follow such broadcasts – they are still a relatively common method of
communications – and it’s the only regular one on air in Korean.<br />
Sending such messages over radio brings both advantages and disadvantages over other methods of communication.<br />
On the down side, the radio broadcasts are one-way only. It’s not possible to send back a reply.<br />
But on the up side, the broadcast can be received over a wide
geographic area, so it doesn’t matter where someone is. And unlike other
communication methods, like a drop of documents or a meeting, the only
thing that has to be set up in advance is the time and frequency.<br />
I’ve picked it up numerous times, both in South Korea, Japan and the
western coast of the United States, but no one has probably done more
monitoring than a user called “Token.”<br />
Based in the Mohave Desert, Token has published <a href="http://token_radio.home.mchsi.com/V24_M94_latest_sched.JPG">the most authoritative schedule of V24 to date</a>.<br />
It shows V24 is on the air every day of the month and there are
usually only three or four broadcasts each night, according to a
schedule drawn up by a radio monitor in the U.S. When V24 does come on
the air, it’s either on the hour or half hour in slots from 10pm to
1:30am local time.<br />
It currently switches between four frequencies: 4900, 5115, 6215, 6310 kHz.<br />
The broadcast begins with a song and the identity of the recipient,
then numbers read in groups of three and two. For example: “238-89,
561-45, 573-22 …” and then the same numbers but in groups of two and
three. For the example above, the second group would be: “23-889,
56-145, 57-322.”<br />
The break between the five numbers is probably changed to improve readability in the case that the signal is bad.<br />
Here’s a recording:<br />
So, what’s going on here?<br />
The numbers are, of course, the message that’s decoded by the agent in the field.<br />
The decoding method might be a dedicated codebook or the numbers
might point to letters in a real book – something that could sit on a
shelf and draw no suspicion, but with the right knowledge could be used
to unlock the code. For example, “238-89” might mean page 238, line 8,
character 9.<br />
But perhaps more interesting is the source of the broadcasts.<br />
While a scratchy shortwave radio broadcast might seem likely from
North Korea, most long-time number stations listeners think V24 is
coming from South Korea, broadcasting to spies in the North.<br />
The South Korean government has never confirmed this and there is
little evidence to point either north or south, but the rationale is
based on a few pieces of history.<br />
The most convincing is that Radio Pyongyang, North Korea’s
international shortwave broadcaster, used to transmit numbers during its
programming. There wasn’t any doubt about the source of the
transmissions, but monitors say they ended in December 2000.<br />
And as far as circumstantial evidence, North Korea’s much tighter
social controls hint that radio broadcasts might be a better way to
route secret messages.<br />
One other interesting thing about the broadcasts – while I have never
heard it, occasionally listeners have reported hearing the Windows XP
closedown sound right before the transmission goes off air.<br />
While V24 transmits in speech, four times a month one of the same
frequencies carries a similar transmission in morse code. The station,
dubbed M94, is on the air at 11pm local time on the 10<sup>th</sup>, 11<sup>th</sup>, 26<sup>th</sup> and 27<sup>th</sup> on 5115 kHz.<br />
<em>Picture credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/siilk/">Si’ilk</a></em>...jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-20989617380512820322013-05-07T00:48:00.000+09:002013-05-07T00:48:49.507+09:00 Media freedom faces "greatest challenge since the Cold War"<div class="article-header">
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Latest update: 06/05/2013
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<h3 class="article-header-tags">
- <a class="tags-item-tags-thématiques" href="http://www.france24.com/en/category/tags-th%C3%A9matiques/press-release">Press Release</a> </h3>
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<h1 class="article-header-title">
Media freedom faces "greatest challenge since the Cold War" - 03/05/2013
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<img alt="Media freedom faces "greatest challenge since the Cold War" - 03/05/2013" height="194" src="http://www.france24.com/en/files/imagecache/france24_169_large/article/image/FR24_log-seul_Q_09_58_3.jpg" title="Media freedom faces "greatest challenge since the Cold War" - 03/05/2013" width="345" /> </div>
</div>
<h2 class="article-header-intro">
A group of leading International broadcasters – gathered in
the DG5 consortium – declared today that media freedom faces its
greatest challenge since the Cold War with Internet blocking, satellite
jamming and the return of shortwave jamming. </h2>
<div class="article-header-intro-credits">
</div>
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<div class="article-main-text">
The statement issued on behalf of the representatives of
Audiovisuel Extérieur de la France (AEF), Australian Broadcasting
Corporation (ABC) [Australia], British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
[United Kingdom], Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) [US], Deutsche
Welle (DW) [Germany], Nippon Hoso Kyokai (NHK) [Japan] and Radio
Netherlands Worldwide (RNW), said: “The jamming of satellite broadcasts
has become a regular occurrence as regimes seek to block certain
services from the being received. This jamming affects area stretching
from Northern Europe to Afghanistan and as far south as Northern Africa.
We have also seen internet blocking of services and cyber-attacks on
media organisations of all over the world, shortwave jamming and
disruption and interference with FM broadcasts. Media Freedom has not
faced such a concerted campaign of disruption since the end of the Cold
War. ”<br />
The broadcasters called on all nations to recognise the legitimate
role played by international broadcasts in offering free access to
global media and coverage of events.<br />
During the cold war the jamming of radio broadcasts to East of the
Iron Curtain was common place. European and US broadcasters worked hard
to overcome this in a game of cat and mouse. From the late 1990s digital
satellite broadcasting has flourished delivering a wide range of
programmes in many languages to communities across the globe. Audiences
have been able to benefit from international broadcasts that provide a
different perspective on news and cultures.<br />
Increased satellite jamming of FRANCE 24 broadcasts to Iran and Syria
stepped up significantly this year and this marks an unwelcome increase
of the oldest method of interrupting programmes. The deliberate
satellite interference is both extensive and powerful. This is
contrary to the international regulations that govern TV satellite
broadcasts. RFI’s shortwave broadcasts to Iran in Persian continue to
be jammed intermittently, and access to RFI websites continue to be
blocked in China.<br />
The AEF is heavily involved in pooling resources with fellow
broadcasters and lobbying the satellite industry to stop deliberate
interference and achieve media freedom worldwide. This involves seeking
both long term and short term technical solutions in order for our
content to continue to be received during major political events and
crises. Like all the other leading international broadcasters, we are
working with the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) and other
UN bodies to spread the word about the profound influence that jamming
is having on audiences and the industry.<br />
<strong>About DG5</strong>:<br />
For fifteen years, the DG5 consortium meets once a year and gathers the
presidents of the five major international media groups from the Western
States (AEF, BBC, BBG, DW, RNW). NHK (Japan) and ABC (Australia) joined
the group as observers in 2012. Meetings are also held several times a
year between media experts to discuss the wave interferences, the
Internet blocking, audience researches, strategies and international
distribution.<br />
<strong>Watch and listen to the world:</strong><br />
The group in charge of French international broadcasting services
comprises three media: the trilingual news TV channel FRANCE 24, the
international radio station RFI and the Arabic-language radio Monte
Carlo Doualiya. From Paris, they broadcast to the world in 14 languages.
The group’s journalists and its unique network of correspondents offer
viewers and listeners comprehensive coverage of world events, with a
focus on cultural diversity and contrasting viewpoints via news
bulletins, reports, magazines and debates. The group has a combined
weekly audience of over 90 million listeners and TV viewers and its new
media platforms attract 25 million visits a month. The group is also a
shareholder and partner of the French-language general interest TV
channel TV5MONDE.<br />
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-55597946957384266032013-03-19T22:52:00.001+09:002013-03-19T22:52:34.037+09:00A world of shortwave jamming: China vs BBC, Iran vs Farda, Zimbabwe vs VOA, Vietnam vs RFA, Cuba vs WRMI.<div id="comments">
Kim's comments are in italics.</div>
<div class="title">
<a href="http://kimelli.nfshost.com/index.php?id=14174" rel="bookmark">A world of shortwave jamming: China vs BBC, Iran vs Farda, Zimbabwe vs VOA, Vietnam vs RFA, Cuba vs WRMI.</a></div>
<div class="permalink">
Posted: 09 Mar 2013 <a href="http://kimelli.nfshost.com/index.php?id=14174&s=print">Print</a> <a href="mailto:?subject=A%20world%20of%20shortwave%20jamming:%20China%20vs%20BBC,%20Iran%20vs%20Farda,%20Zimbabwe%20vs%20VOA,%20Vietnam%20vs%20RFA,%20Cuba%20vs%20WRMI.%20[www.kimandrewelliott.com]&body=http://kimelli.nfshost.com/index.php?id=14174">Send a link</a></div>
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/victoribbmonitor/17790-bbc-2-28-2013-9-46-56-am">SoundCloud, 28 Feb 2013</a>,
Victoribbmonitor, Victor Goonetilleke, Colombo, Sri Lanka: "Jamming
against BBC 17790. The clip starts with an 8 element log periodic beamed
from Colombo to Aseela Oman and after 25 seconds the beam starts to
move eastward and settles on 20 degrees East of North. BBC from the
dominant signal drops to almost inaudible level and the jammer comes on
top."
<div class="gt">
<a href="http://en.rsf.org/china-bbc-english-language-radio-28-02-2013,44139.html">Reporters sans frontières, 28 Feb 2013</a>:
"Reporters Without Borders condemns the jamming of the BBC World
Service’s English-language shortwave radio broadcasts in China. The BBC
issued a statement on February 25th deploring this violation of freedom
of information and suggesting that the Chinese government was to blame.
'We support the BBC and we urge it to file a legal complaint against
persons unknown,' Reporters Without Borders said. 'We recently brought
this kind of legal action before the French public prosecutor’s office
in connection with acts of piracy targeting Radio Erena, a Paris-based
Eritrean exile radio station that broadcasts by satellite to the Horn of
Africa. We are convinced that this kind of legal initiative can help to
shed light on the exact circumstances of such acts of piracy, that is
to say, the place where the jamming originates and the identity of those
responsible. We also urge the British authorities to complain to the
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which is a UN body. If it
turns out that the Chinese authorities ordered the jamming, they must be
called to account. It is illegal, it violates fundamental freedoms and
it is detrimental to all those in China who speak English.'"</div>
<div class="gt">
<a href="http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/radio/program/connect-asia/china-behind-jamming-of-shortwave-broadcasts-says-aib/1099012">Radio Australia, 8 Mar 2013</a>,
Joanna McCarthy: "The Association for International Broadcasting says
English-language broadcasts from Radio Australia, the BBC World Service
and Voice of America are being deliberately jammed by a number of
frequencies. The AIB has lodged protests about the jamming with Chinese
embassies in Canberra, Washington DC and London." With audio interview.
See also <a href="http://www.aib.org.uk/aib-condemns-jamming-of-international-broadcasters/">AIB, 6 Mar 2013</a>. Also reported by
<a href="http://advanced-television.com/2013/03/06/aib-condemns-deliberate-satellite-interference/">Advanced Television, 6 Mar 2013</a> and <a href="http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/china-jams-voice-america-foreign-426253">The Hollywood Reporter, 6 Mar 2013</a>, Patrick Brzeski.</div>
<div class="gt">
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/iw0hk/sweep-jamming-on-radio-farda">SoundCloud, 8 Mar 2013</a>, iw0hk, Andrea Borgnino, Italy: "Sweep jamming on Radio Farda - 15690 khz."
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/iw0hk/jamming-on-voice-of-america">SoundCloud, 8 Mar 2013</a>, iw0hk, Andrea Borgnino, Italy: "Jamming on Voice of America for Zimbabwe - 15775 khz."</div>
<div class="gt">
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQcgw53OOiI">YouTube, 5 Mar 2013</a>, OfficialSWL Channel, Gilles Letourneau, Montréal PQ: "Vietnam jamming Radio Free Asia broadcast on 15170 khz."</div>
<div class="gt">
<a href="http://voaradiogram.net/post/44972526305/wrmi-radio-miami-international-9-march-2013">VOA Radiogram, 9 Mar 2013</a>, "WRMI, Radio Miami International 9 March 2013, 22200 UTC, 9955 kHz, versus Cuban jamming." <i>--
Cuba is jamming WRMI in general, because of its occasional anti-Castro
programming, and probably not because of The Overcomer program (in
English) that was on at the time. Here's how an ID in the the MT63-2000
mode, transmitted at that time, prints out despite jamming:</i></div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-32993767273127881422013-03-08T23:28:00.001+09:002013-03-08T23:28:42.462+09:00Broadcast group condemns China over radio jamming<h2 class="title">
Broadcast group condemns China over radio jamming</h2>
<div class="node-time">
Updated 8 March 2013, 12:02 AEST</div>
<div class="node-teaser">
An international broadcast association
has condemned the deliberate jamming of shortwave broadcasts, including
those from the ABC's Radio Australia service, into Asia. </div>
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The
Association for International Broadcasting says English-language
broadcasts from Radio Australia, the BBC World Service and the Voice of
America are being jammed. (Credit: ABC) </div>
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<div class="content">
An international broadcast association has condemned
the deliberate jamming of shortwave broadcasts, including those from the
ABC's Radio Australia service, into Asia.<br />
The Association for
International Broadcasting (AIB) says English-language broadcasts from
Radio Australia, the BBC World Service and the Voice of America are
being jammed.<br />
Chief Executive Simon Spanswick has told Radio Australia’s <a href="http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/connectasia" target="_blank" title="">Connect Asia</a> program research has indicated the jamming signals appear to be coming from within China.<br />
"It appears to be quite wide," he said.<br />
"We've
been talking to some monitors who keep ears on the shortwave bands
around Asia and they say that it's certainly audible well outside
China.<br />
"So, one imagines, even with the geographic scale of China itself, that this is right across the region."<br />
<div class="inline-content audio full">
<div class="inline-audio">
</div>
<a class="inline-caption" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-03-08/hear-the-interference-during-a-broadcast-of-the/4560612"><strong>Audio:</strong>
Hear the Interference during a broadcast of the Asia Pacific program
<span class="source">(ABC News)</span>
</a></div>
<br />
The AIB says broadcasts in Mandarin from
broadcasters including the BBC, Radio Free Asia and Voice of America
have been interfered with for many years.<br />
Mr Spanswick says while
the methodology appears to be the same, this is the first time
English-language services have been targeted.<br />
"Essentially what
you do if you're trying to stop people listening to a program on
shortwave is you transmit another audio feed on the same frequency.<br />
"What
the Chinese have done for a long time is actually broadcast Chinese
folk music...what's happening in this case is that they're transmitting a
different sort of noise.<br />
"The aim is to simply make it so
uncomfortable to listen to that people switch off and don't bother
trying to listen to the program that they wanted to get."<br />
The AIB has lodged protests over the jamming with the Chinese embassies in Washington, London and Canberra.<br />
Mr
Spanswick says it's particularly concerning at a time when China is
expanding its own international radio and television services.<br />
"They're
going global...and nobody is trying to stop them from making available
information about what the Chinese Government wants the rest of the
world to hear," he said.<br />
"So there's go to be a level playing field...there's a universal right to fair and free information and freedom of speech.<br />
"Jamming is simply so contrary to that sort of notion that it simply can't be allowed to continue."<br />
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-23265287018599005532013-03-02T18:19:00.001+09:002013-03-02T18:19:10.549+09:00Iran’s attacks on the BBC<h1 class="post">
Xindex </h1>
<h1 class="post">
<a href="http://www.indexoncensorship.org/2013/02/iran-bbc-censorship-jamming/" rel="bookmark">Iran’s attacks on the BBC</a></h1>
<span class="date">18 Feb 2013</span>
<div id="topsocial">
<div class="fb-like fb_edge_widget_with_comment fb_iframe_widget" data-action="like" data-colorscheme="light" data-font="verdana" data-href="http://www.indexoncensorship.org/2013/02/iran-bbc-censorship-jamming/" data-layout="button_count" data-send="false" data-show-faces="0" data-width="70">
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<a href="http://www.indexoncensorship.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/BBC-persian-square2.jpg"><img alt="" class="alignright size-full wp-image-44164" height="200" src="http://www.indexoncensorship.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/BBC-persian-square2.jpg" title="BBC-persian-square" width="200" /></a><strong>Staff
at the BBC’s Persian Service face satellite jamming, smear campaigns
and intimidation, says World Service Director Peter Horrocks</strong><br />
<span id="more-44159"></span><br />
Jamming broadcast signals is a threat to the vital flow of free
information. Throughout its history the BBC World Service has countered
the efforts of jammers, whether on shortwave or satellites. However, in
the last four years there has been a sharp increase in jamming satellite
signals around the world with several international broadcasters being
targeted.<br />
Intensive interference of our signals started in 2009 at the time of
Iran’s presidential election. On Election Day, Iranian authorities
started to jam signals of BBC Persian Television, <a href="http://blog.indexoncensorship.org/2009/01/14/bbc-persian-tv-launches/">launched only a few months before</a>.
Intensive jamming continued in the aftermath of the election during the
street protests and violence. For many Iranians, whose access to free
media was limited, Persian TV was the main source of news and
information.<br />
Since then, the jamming of BBC Persian has <a href="http://www.indexoncensorship.org/2010/06/irans-satellite-silence/">continued intermittently</a>.
Some incidents have been directly related to specific types of
programmes such as audience participation, documentaries or coverage of
news events. The latest example of jamming is as recent as 9 February
this year when the Iranian government was marking the Islamic
Revolution’s anniversary and PTV was taken off-air alongside 13 other
broadcasters.<br />
In response, we have increased the number of satellites carrying the
channel and technical changes were made to help reduce jamming on the
original signal. However, more work needs to be done.<br />
To make any meaningful impact, there is a compelling need for all
stakeholders to work closely together in different fields, from
technical to regulatory and political, to address the issue of satellite
jamming.<br />
That’s why in November 2012 the BBC brought together over 100
delegates from broadcasters, regulators, satellite operators,
international organisations and politicians to consider what political
and technical steps can be taken to address the growing threat of the
blocking of international broadcasts.<br />
This was followed by a very useful event, organised by satellite
operator Eutelsat in January 2013, to demonstrate how they geo-locate
interference to satellites to provide evidence to the UN recognised
agency, International Telecommunication Union. They also unveiled new
developments in satellite design which offer more protection on the next
generation of satellites. We are pleased to see that our efforts of
working closely with the satellite industry have contributed to
Eutelsat’s decision to invest in technologies that identify sources of
deliberate interference and make jamming more difficult.<br />
We have also been working with other international broadcasters to
highlight the impact of jamming on our ability to reach our audiences.
We have called on governments and regulatory bodies to put maximum
pressure on Iran to stop blocking of international broadcasts. The EU
Foreign Affairs Council included jamming of satellite signals in its
resolution against human rights violations in Iran in October 2011, and
the UN General Assembly took a similar action in December 2011. On 6
February 2013 the United States blacklisted Iran’s state broadcasting
authority and a major Iranian electronics producer partly because of
their role in jamming international broadcasts to Iran.<br />
It is of utmost importance that the satellite industry takes a
united stance on highlighting the issue of jamming. There are still
different views on whether publicising incidents of jamming help to find
a solution or deteriorates the situation.<br />
Jamming has not been the only tactic used by the Iranian government
to restrict free flow of information. BBC Persian staff and their
families have been subject to increasing harassment and intimidation by
the Iranian authorities over the past few years. Their activities
against BBC staff have intensified in recent months. An increasing
number of BBC Persian staff family members have been questioned and
threatened in an attempt to make our colleagues stop working for the
BBC.<br />
Harassment and intimidation of families has been accompanied by a
widespread anti-BBC campaign in Iran. Cyber-activists believed to have
close links to the Iranian authorities have set up <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/jan/24/iran-fake-blog-smear-campaign-journalist-bbc">fake Facebook pages and fake blogs</a>
attributed to BBC Persian journalists. They are using these fake
accounts to discredit the BBC Persian staff by accusing them of sexual
promiscuity and spying for MI6. These lies then are reported on a
nationwide scale by local media including the state TV.<br />
We remain extremely concerned about these activities. I wrote to the
Iranian Head of Judiciary in March 2012 asking him to stop such illegal
acts, but there was no reply. We have raised our concerns with the
United Nations Special Rapporteur for Human Rights in Iran, Ahmad
Shahid, and called on governments to take action to cease such acts.<br />
<em>Peter Horrocks is Director of the BBC World Service</em>
<br />
</div>
jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-9703155946288804982013-02-27T17:23:00.002+09:002013-02-27T17:23:21.357+09:00China shrugs off accusations of jamming BBC broadcasts<div id="article-header">
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China shrugs off accusations of jamming BBC broadcasts</h1>
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Officials dismiss corporation's statement condemning blocking of its English-language World Service radio broadcasts</div>
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<img alt="Internet cafe in Beijing, China" height="276" itemprop="contentUrl representativeOfPage" src="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2013/2/26/1361869691216/Internet-cafe-in-Beijing--010.jpg" width="460" />
<div class="caption" itemprop="caption">
Internet cafe in
Beijing: the BBC’s Chinese-language website is often blocked, as were
Bloomberg and New York Times last year. Photograph: How Hwee Young/EPA</div>
</div>
<div id="article-body-blocks">
<a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/china" title="More from guardian.co.uk on China">China</a> has brushed off accusations of <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2013/feb/25/bbc-condemns-china-jamming-world-service" title="">jamming the BBC's English-language World Service radio broadcasts</a> a day after the broadcaster announced the interference.<br />
"I
don't understand this situation," foreign ministry spokesperson Hua
Chunying said at a daily press briefing on Tuesday, when asked to
comment on the allegations. She said reporters should contact "relevant
departments" for further information, but did not specify which
departments or how to contact them.<br />
The <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/bbc" title="More from guardian.co.uk on BBC">BBC</a>
said on Monday its shortwave radio broadcasts have been jammed in
China because of "extensive and co-ordinated efforts" that "are
indicative of a well-resourced country such as China".<br />
"The BBC strongly condemns this action which is designed to disrupt audiences' free access to news and information," <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-21575913" title="">the corporation said in a statement</a>.<br />
This
is not the first time the BBC has encountered some form of interference
in China. Its television broadcasts frequently go blank in the middle
of sensitive reports. The broadcaster's Chinese-language website is
often blocked, and its Chinese-language radio broadcasts have been
intermittently jammed for years.<br />
Other international
broadcasters such as Voice of America and Radio Free Asia are also
jammed in China. Websites of the New York Times and Bloomberg were
blocked last year after they published exposés on the wealth accumulated
by families of the country's leading politicians.<br />
Some
analysts were confused by the timing of the BBC's announcement. "This
for me is very weird – it's almost like 1990s," said Michael Anti, a
prominent media commentator in Beijing.<br />
He said that in
China people associate the BBC with its television dramas and
Chinese-language news website, which is blocked but can be accessed
using software to bypass <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/internet" title="More from guardian.co.uk on Internet">internet</a> censors.<br />
"I doubt there is anyone listening to the BBC English radio in China," he added.<br />
BBC journalists were <a href="http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/bbc-china-crew-detained-military-after-filming-cyber-warfare-headquarters" title="">briefly detained</a>
last week by Chinese military personnel while filming a nondescript
12-story building in Shanghai that American cyber-security experts have
pinpointed as ground zero for a slew of hacking attacks against foreign
organisations. The journalists were released after they agreed to
surrender their footage.<span class="trackable-component component-wrapper eight-col" data-component="Article:promo-bottom-article Outbrain:microapp outbrains-component:Outbrains combined component - rummble v2"></span></div>
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jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-66225270235952494302013-02-27T15:49:00.003+09:002013-02-27T15:49:48.215+09:00VOA Condemns Jamming in China
<h1 class="entry-title">
VOA Condemns Jamming in China</h1>
<div class="entry-meta">
<div class="post-date print-only">
<span class="entry-date"><abbr class="published" title="2013-02-27T01:08:27+0000">February 27, 2013</abbr></span></div>
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<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style ">
<a href="http://www.bbg.gov/press-release/voa-condemns-jamming-in-china/attachment/chinajamming/" rel="attachment wp-att-13112" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" title="ChinaJamming"><img alt="" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-13112" height="168" src="http://www.bbg.gov/wp-content/media/2013/02/ChinaJamming-300x168.png" title="ChinaJamming" width="300" /></a><a class="addthis_button_facebook_like at300b" href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6567184331187505434"><span style="height: 20px; width: 97px;"></span></a>
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WASHINGTON,
D.C. – Voice of America condemns the recent start of deliberate
interference with its English language shortwave broadcasts into China.<br />
Monitors listening to VOA broadcasts say this interference “appears
intentional,” and is strongest in regions around Tibet and along the
Indian border.<br />
“The Chinese government has for years jammed <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001mtkhwXzTbQF6R__exA_e46XFL5EHnpGdET-xpN1WI4IzklWCaNzroqcER73RnQvh5ZA1yYb8OrBSvgofli46QtkzKqsPgFYHWvlQ0FhKovVplNqEN45U5g==" shape="rect" target="_blank">VOA</a> and <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001mtkhwXzTbQEiHswQ10MDh5HGrxPxGHwyxSDXr3X8i5yuj1igxx1oqBWUC4Z6HpXpkG__-PR3jpEa_5qEaYu-Z3vY56FUEqse7n8Yh8SKnzgNfmtAwqlOdw==" shape="rect" target="_blank">Radio Free Asia</a>
Chinese and Tibetan language programs and blocked VOA vernacular
language websites,” said VOA Director David Ensor, “but English language
programs have historically not been blocked.”<br />
“We condemn this interference and are working with worldwide experts
to determine the precise origin of the jamming,” Ensor says. “The free
flow of information is a universal right and VOA will continue to
provide accurate and balanced information on platforms that can reach
audiences in areas subject to censorship.”<br />
Monitors say the interference affects about 75% of the English
language transmissions to China and is similar to the type of jamming
aimed at VOA Horn of Africa broadcasts, which are targeted by equipment
installed by China in Ethiopia.<br />
Reports of jamming on the VOA shortwave frequencies to China began
pouring in earlier this week. On Monday the BBC issued a statement
saying that its English language programs to China were also being
jammed. The BBC statement said the source of the interference could not
be determined, but the “extensive and coordinated efforts are
indicative of a well-resourced country such as China.”<br />
VOA broadcasts to China on radio, direct-to-home satellite Radio and
TV, and the Internet. News and information is also transmitted on a
variety of platforms designed to overcome censorship efforts.jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-51782500472213542442013-02-27T15:47:00.002+09:002013-02-27T15:47:35.377+09:00VOA, BBC Protest China Broadcast Jamming <h1>
VOA, BBC Protest China Broadcast Jamming
</h1>
<div class="article_txt_intro">
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<div class="articleContent">
<div class="dateblock">
<div class="author">
<span class="">VOA News</span></div>
<div class="article_date">
February 26, 2013
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<div id="ctl00_ctl00_cpAB_cp1_cbcContentBreak">
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The Voice of America is protesting new jamming of its English broadcasts in China.<br />
<br />
VOA Director David Ensor condemned the new interference and said the
U.S. government broadcaster is working with experts to determine the
precise origin of the jamming. He said "the free flow of information is a
universal right and VOA will continue to provide accurate and balanced
information on platforms that can reach audiences in areas subject to
censorship."<br />
<br />
The U.S.-funded VOA is not the only victim of jamming. The British
Broadcasting Corporation said this week its shortwave English radio
broadcasts also are being jammed in China.<br />
<br />
The BBC said that while it is not possible to know who is doing the
jamming, "the extensive and co-ordinated efforts are indicative of a
well-resourced country such as China."<br />
<br />
VOA broadcast engineers say Radio Australia also is being jammed.<br />
<br />
At VOA headquarters in Washington, engineers say that while the agency's
Chinese-language broadcasts are routinely jammed in China, its English
broadcasts usually are not. They noticed the jamming of the English
programs about a month ago and say it appears to use a new technology.<br />
<br />
Many countries have used various methods to jam VOA broadcasts for
decades, especially during the Cold War when VOA broadcast heavily into
the former Soviet Union and other countries under Communist control.
Now, its Persian satellite television broadcasts into Iran are
frequently jammed, as are VOA Horn of Africa broadcasts to Ethiopia.
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jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6567184331187505434.post-71008047131314931952013-02-26T23:09:00.000+09:002013-02-26T23:09:06.187+09:00BBC says radio broadcasts being jammed in China<h1>
BBC says radio broadcasts being jammed in China</h1>
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<img alt="The microphone that newsreader Iain Purdon used to deliver the final BBC World Service news bulletin from BBC Bush House is seen in central London July 12, 2012. REUTERS/Suzanne Plunkett" border="0" src="http://s1.reutersmedia.net/resources/r/?m=02&d=20130225&t=2&i=707312054&w=460&fh=&fw=&ll=&pl=&r=CBRE91O163800" />
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<span class="location">LONDON</span> |
<span class="timestamp">Mon Feb 25, 2013 10:09am EST</span>
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<span class="focusParagraph"> (Reuters) - Radio broadcasts in English from the BBC World Service are being jammed in <a data-ls-seen="1" href="http://www.reuters.com/places/china" title="Full coverage of China">China</a>, the British broadcaster said on Monday, suggesting the Chinese authorities were behind the disruption.<br />
</span><span id="midArticle_0"></span>"The BBC strongly condemns this
action which is designed to disrupt audiences' free access to news and
information," the BBC said in a statement.<br />
<span id="midArticle_1"></span>China,
which enforces strict restrictions on its domestic media, has been
accused by several prominent foreign media of seeking to stop their news
reports reaching Chinese audiences.<br />
<span id="midArticle_2"></span>"The
BBC has received reports that World Service English shortwave
frequencies are being jammed in China," said the London-based public
service broadcaster.<br />
<span id="midArticle_3"></span>"Though it is
not possible at this stage to attribute the source of the jamming
definitively, the extensive and coordinated efforts are indicative of a
well-resourced country such as China."<br />
<span id="midArticle_4"></span>A duty officer at China's foreign ministry had no immediate comment.<br />
<span id="midArticle_5"></span>It
was not the first time the BBC had complained of disruption to its
services in China, where its website has been consistently blocked.<br />
<span id="midArticle_6"></span>Last
year, it accused the Chinese authorities of jamming its BBC World News
TV channel when it broadcast stories regarded as sensitive, such as
reports on dissident Chen Guangcheng, who escaped from house arrest and
sought refuge in the U.S. embassy.<br />
<span id="midArticle_7"></span>Other
foreign broadcasters including U.S. state-funded radio stations Voice
of America and Radio Free Asia have also complained of Beijing blocking
access to their programs.<br />
<span id="midArticle_8"></span>The New
York Times reported on January 30 that Chinese hackers had been
attacking its computer systems while it was working on an investigative
report in October last year on the fortune accumulated by relatives of
outgoing Premier Wen Jiabao.<br />
<span id="midArticle_9"></span>The
BBC said in its statement on Monday that it had experienced jamming of
satellite broadcasts over the past two years, and that while shortwave
jamming was generally less frequent, it did also affect Persian-language
transmissions in <a data-ls-seen="1" href="http://www.reuters.com/places/iran" title="Full coverage of Iran">Iran</a>.<br />
<span id="midArticle_10"></span>"The
jamming of shortwave transmissions is being timed to cause maximum
disruption to BBC World Service English broadcasts in China," said Peter
Horrocks, director of BBC Global News.<br />
<span id="midArticle_11"></span>"The
deliberate and coordinated efforts by authorities in countries such as
China and Iran illustrate the significance and importance of the role
the BBC undertakes to provide impartial and accurate information to
audiences around the world."<br />
<span id="midArticle_12"></span>China
is listed at number 173 out of 179 countries on the World Press Freedom
Index compiled by campaign group Reporters Without Borders.<br />
<span id="midArticle_13"></span>(Reporting By Estelle Shirbon; Additional reporting by Lucy Hornby; Editing by Tom Pfeiffer)</span>jammerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14491102747498657135noreply@blogger.com0